Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes a solution?

Accepted Answer

A homogeneous mixture in which the solute is uniformly dispersed in the solvent.

Question 2

In a mixture of 10 g of NaCl and 200 mL of water, which is the solute and which is the solvent?

Accepted Answer

NaCl is the solute; water is the solvent.

Question 3

Which of the following best explains why NaCl dissolves in water?

Accepted Answer

The polar water molecules surround and separate the Na+ and Cl- ions, a process called hydration.

Question 4

Which of the following compounds will NOT dissolve in water?

Accepted Answer

Gasoline

Question 5

Which of the following best describes a strong electrolyte?

Accepted Answer

A substance that completely dissociates into ions in water and conducts electricity well.

Question 6

Which of the following is an example of a nonelectrolyte?

Accepted Answer

CH3OH

Question 7

A solution in which more solute can still dissolve at a given temperature is called:

Accepted Answer

Unsaturated

Question 8

At 40°C, the solubility of KBr is 80 g/100 g H2O. If you add 60 g of KBr to 100 g of water at 40°C, the solution is:

Accepted Answer

Unsaturated

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the effect of temperature on the solubility of gases in water?

Accepted Answer

Solubility decreases as temperature increases.

Question 10

According to Henry’s Law, what happens to the solubility of a gas in a liquid as the pressure of the gas above the liquid increases?

Accepted Answer

The solubility increases.

Question 11

Which of the following ionic compounds is expected to be soluble in water based on the solubility rules?

Accepted Answer

NaNO3

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why oil does not dissolve in water?

Accepted Answer

Oil is nonpolar and water is polar, so there are no attractive forces between them.

Question 13

Which of the following equations correctly represents the dissociation of NaCl in water?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{NaCl(s) \xrightarrow{H_2O} Na^+(aq) + Cl^-(aq)}$$

Question 14

A student adds sugar to a cup of hot tea and observes that all the sugar dissolves. What type of solution is this?

Accepted Answer

Unsaturated

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the process of hydration?

Accepted Answer

Water molecules surround and interact with solute ions, reducing their attraction to each other.

Question 16

Which of the following is a real-life application of Henry’s Law?

Accepted Answer

The fizzing of a carbonated drink when opened.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes a saturated solution?

Accepted Answer

A solution in which the rate of dissolving equals the rate of crystallization.

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why sugar is a nonelectrolyte?

Accepted Answer

Sugar dissolves as molecules and does not produce ions in water.

Question 19

A solution is prepared by mixing 100 mL of ethanol and 50 mL of water. Which is the solvent?

Accepted Answer

Ethanol, because it is present in greater amount.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the phrase 'like dissolves like'?

Accepted Answer

Solutes dissolve best in solvents with similar polarity.

Solutions: Properties, Formation, and Solubility in General Chemistry

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