Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference in electron behavior between an ionic bond and a covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

In an ionic bond, electrons are transferred from one atom to another; in a covalent bond, electrons are shared between atoms.

Question 2

An atom of sodium has 11 protons and 12 neutrons. What is its atomic number and mass number?

Accepted Answer

Atomic number: 11, Mass number: 23

Question 3

Why are noble gases (Group 18 elements) generally unreactive and rarely form chemical bonds?

Accepted Answer

They have a full valence shell, making them chemically stable.

Question 4

Balance the following chemical equation: $$H_2$$ + $$O_2$$ \rightarrow H_2O$$

Accepted Answer

$$2H_2 + O_2$ \rightarrow 2H_2O$$

Question 5

A student tests a mystery liquid with a pH strip, which turns bright red, indicating a pH of 2. What does this tell you about the substance?

Accepted Answer

It is a strong acid.

Question 6

Which of the following real-world examples best illustrates an ionic bond?

Accepted Answer

The bond between sodium and chlorine in table salt ($$NaCl).$$

Question 7

Which statement correctly describes the relationship between atomic number and the identity of an element?

Accepted Answer

The atomic number is equal to the number of protons in the nucleus.

Question 8

Which of the following substances would you expect to have a pH less than 7?

Accepted Answer

Lemon juice

Question 9

A solution has a pH of 12. Which of the following best describes this solution?

Accepted Answer

It is a strong base.

Question 10

Which of the following best explains why sodium ($$Na) $$readily forms an ionic bond with chlorine ($$Cl$$)?

Accepted Answer

Sodium loses one electron to achieve a stable configuration, and chlorine gains one electron to achieve a stable configuration.

Question 11

Which of the following is the correct balanced equation for the combustion of hydrogen gas in oxygen to form water?

Accepted Answer

$$2H_2 + O_2$ \rightarrow 2H_2O$$

Question 12

Which of the following statements about covalent bonds is correct?

Accepted Answer

Covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons between atoms.

Question 13

A neutral atom of an element has 11 protons, 12 neutrons, and 11 electrons. What is the symbol for this element?

Accepted Answer

Na

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the chemical property that makes noble gases unreactive?

Accepted Answer

They have a full outermost electron shell.

Question 15

A student mixes hydrochloric acid ($$HCl) $$with sodium hydroxide ($$NaOH) $$and observes the pH of the resulting solution is close to 7. What type of reaction has occurred?

Accepted Answer

Neutralization reaction

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