Question 1

Which of the following statements best explains why carbon can form four sigma (single) bonds in alkanes?

Accepted Answer

Because carbon can hybridize its orbitals to form four equivalent $$sp^3$$ orbitals.

Question 2

What is the correct IUPAC name for the following compound: $$CH_3CH_2CH_2CH_3$$?

Accepted Answer

Butane

Question 3

Which of the following is a constitutional isomer of butane ($$C_4H_{10}$$)?

Accepted Answer

2-methylpropane

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the geometry around each carbon atom in ethane ($$C_2H_6$$)?

Accepted Answer

Tetrahedral, $$109.5^\circ$$

Question 5

Which of the following statements about alcohols is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Alcohols with four or more carbon atoms have limited solubility in water.

Question 6

A compound has the formula $$C_5H_{12}. $$Which of the following is the correct name for its straight-chain isomer?

Accepted Answer

Pentane

Question 7

Which of the following best describes a functional group?

Accepted Answer

A group of atoms that determines the physical and chemical properties of a molecule.

Question 8

Which of the following is the correct order of increasing strength for intermolecular forces?

Accepted Answer

Van der Waals \u003c polar-polar interactions \u003c hydrogen bonding

Question 9

Which of the following best describes a chiral carbon atom?

Accepted Answer

A carbon atom bonded to four different groups.

Question 10

Which of the following is the correct name for the compound $$CH_3CH_2CH_2OH$$?

Accepted Answer

Propanol

Question 11

Which of the following statements about Markovnikov's rule is correct?

Accepted Answer

The hydrogen atom adds to the carbon with the most hydrogen atoms already attached.

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct description of a polymer?

Accepted Answer

A large molecule formed by the repetitive bonding together of many smaller molecules called monomers.

Question 13

Which of the following is the correct IUPAC name for the compound with the structure $$CH_3CH(CH_3$)CH_2CH_3$$?

Accepted Answer

2-methylbutane

Question 14

Which of the following is a property of aromatic compounds such as benzene?

Accepted Answer

They have a completely stable electronic structure.

Question 15

Which of the following best describes a free radical?

Accepted Answer

A reactive intermediate that contains an unpaired electron.

Question 16

Which of the following is the correct name for the straight-chain alkane with 7 carbon atoms?

Accepted Answer

Heptane

Question 17

Which of the following statements about isomers is correct?

Accepted Answer

Isomers have the same molecular formula but different structures.

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct description of a primary alcohol?

Accepted Answer

An alcohol in which the $$-OH$$ group is attached to a carbon bonded to only one other carbon.

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why the boiling point of an alcohol is much higher than that of its parent alkane?

Accepted Answer

Alcohols can form hydrogen bonds, which require more energy to break.

Question 20

Which of the following is the correct name for the compound $$CH_3CH_2CH_2CH_2CH_2CH_3$$?

Accepted Answer

Hexane

Study Guide: Structure, Nomenclature, and Properties of Alkanes, Alkenes, Alkynes, Aromatics, and Alcohols

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