Q: Which of the following is the correct value for the charge-to-mass ratio of the electron as determined by J.J. Thomson?

$$\frac{e}{m} = -1.76 \times 10^8$ \ \mathrm{C/g}$$

Q: Which of the following is the correct mass of an electron?

$$9.11 \times 10$$^{-31}$$ \ \mathrm{kg}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the Law of Definite Proportion?

Accepted Answer

A given compound always contains exactly the same proportion of elements by mass.

Question 2

Which experiment led to the discovery of the electron and its charge-to-mass ratio?

Accepted Answer

J.J. Thomson's cathode ray tube experiment

Question 3

According to Dalton's atomic theory, which statement is INCORRECT based on modern knowledge?

Accepted Answer

Atoms of a given element are identical in all respects.

Question 4

Which law is illustrated by the following scenario: 12 g of carbon reacts with 32 g of oxygen to form 44 g of carbon dioxide?

Accepted Answer

Law of Conservation of Mass

Question 5

If 2 volumes of hydrogen gas react with 1 volume of oxygen gas to produce 2 volumes of water vapor (all measured at the same temperature and pressure), which scientist's hypothesis does this support?

Accepted Answer

Amedeo Avogadro

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why most alpha particles passed straight through the gold foil in Rutherford's experiment?

Accepted Answer

Most of the atom is empty space.

Question 7

Which of the following is the correct value for the charge-to-mass ratio of the electron as determined by J.J. Thomson?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{e}{m} = -1.76 	imes 10^8$ \ \mathrm{C/g}$$

Question 8

Which statement about the Plum Pudding Model is correct?

Accepted Answer

Electrons are embedded in a diffuse cloud of positive charge.

Question 9

Which of the following particles was discovered as a result of experiments with cathode rays?

Accepted Answer

Electron

Question 10

A scientist observes that 100 g of water always contains 11.1 g of hydrogen and 88.9 g of oxygen. Which law does this observation support?

Accepted Answer

Law of Definite Proportion

Question 11

Which experiment allowed for the calculation of the mass of the electron?

Accepted Answer

Millikan's oil drop experiment combined with Thomson's charge-to-mass ratio

Question 12

Which of the following is the correct mass of an electron?

Accepted Answer

$$9.11 	imes 10$$^{-31}$$ \ \mathrm{kg}$$

Question 13

Which of the following best describes an alpha particle as discovered in studies of radioactivity?

Accepted Answer

A particle with a $$2^+$$ charge and mass about 7300 times that of an electron

Question 14

Which observation from Rutherford's gold foil experiment led to the nuclear model of the atom?

Accepted Answer

Some alpha particles were deflected at large angles, even bouncing back.

Question 15

Which law is demonstrated when two elements form more than one compound and the masses of one element that combine with a fixed mass of the other are in small whole number ratios?

Accepted Answer

Law of Multiple Proportions

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct real-world application of the Law of Conservation of Mass?

Accepted Answer

The total mass of reactants equals the total mass of products in a closed chemical reaction.

Question 17

Which scientist is credited with the first modern table of atomic masses (weights)?

Accepted Answer

John Dalton

Question 18

Which of the following statements about beta particles is correct?

Accepted Answer

They are high-speed electrons.

Question 19

A sample of nitrogen and oxygen can form two different compounds. In one, 14 g of nitrogen combines with 16 g of oxygen. In the other, 14 g of nitrogen combines with 32 g of oxygen. Which law does this illustrate?

Accepted Answer

Law of Multiple Proportions

Question 20

Which of the following best summarizes the main conclusion of Rutherford's gold foil experiment?

Accepted Answer

Atoms have a small, dense, positively charged nucleus.

The Early History of Chemistry: Fundamental Laws and Atomic Theory

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard