Domanda del libro di testo
An unknown gas is found to diffuse through a porous membrane
2.92 times more slowly than H2. What is the molecular
weight of the gas?
(a) 17.0 g/mol (b) 5.84 g/mol
(c) 8.52 g/mol
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Ch.10 - Gases: Their Properties & Behavior
McMurry8th EditionChemistryISBN: 9781292336145
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TOC.tableOfContents
- Ch.1 - Chemical Tools: Experimentation & Measurement170
- Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules & Ions160
- Ch.3 - Mass Relationships in Chemical Reactions169
- Ch.4 - Reactions in Aqueous Solution199
- Ch.5 - Periodicity & Electronic Structure of Atoms102
- Ch.6 - Ionic Compounds: Periodic Trends and Bonding Theory92
- Ch.7 - Covalent Bonding and Electron-Dot Structures61
- Ch.8 - Covalent Compounds: Bonding Theories and Molecular Structure59
- Ch.9 - Thermochemistry: Chemical Energy122
- Ch.10 - Gases: Their Properties & Behavior155
- Ch.11 - Liquids & Phase Changes54
- Ch.12 - Solids and Solid-State Materials73
- Ch.13 - Solutions & Their Properties120
- Ch.14 - Chemical Kinetics98
- Ch.15 - Chemical Equilibrium125
- Ch.16 - Aqueous Equilibria: Acids & Bases110
- Ch.17 - Applications of Aqueous Equilibria147
- Ch.18 - Thermodynamics: Entropy, Free Energy & Equilibrium86
- Ch.19 - Electrochemistry154
- Ch.20 - Nuclear Chemistry96
- Ch.21 - Transition Elements and Coordination Chemistry156
- Ch.22 - The Main Group Elements187
- Ch.23 - Organic and Biological Chemistry51
Capitolo 10, Problema 10.109a
Two identical 732.0-L tanks each contain 212.0 g of gas at 293 K, with neon in one tank and nitrogen in the other. Based on the assumptions of kinetic–molecular theory, rank the gases from low to high for each of the following properties.
(a) Average speed
Guida verificata passo dopo passo1
Determine the molar mass of each gas: Neon (Ne) has a molar mass of approximately 20.18 g/mol, and Nitrogen (N2) has a molar mass of approximately 28.02 g/mol.
Use the formula for average speed (root-mean-square speed) of a gas: \( v_{rms} = \sqrt{\frac{3RT}{M}} \), where \( R \) is the ideal gas constant, \( T \) is the temperature in Kelvin, and \( M \) is the molar mass in kg/mol.
Since both gases are at the same temperature and the same conditions, the average speed depends inversely on the square root of the molar mass.
Compare the molar masses: Neon has a lower molar mass than Nitrogen, which means Neon atoms will have a higher average speed than Nitrogen molecules.
Rank the gases based on average speed from low to high: Nitrogen (N2) will have a lower average speed than Neon (Ne).
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Ecco i concetti essenziali che devi comprendere per rispondere correttamente alla domanda.
Kinetic Molecular Theory
Kinetic Molecular Theory explains the behavior of gases in terms of particles in constant motion. It posits that gas particles are far apart, move freely, and collide elastically. This theory helps in understanding how temperature and mass affect the speed of gas particles, which is crucial for comparing the average speeds of different gases.
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Percorso guidato
01:19
Kinetic Molecular Theory
Average Speed of Gas Molecules
The average speed of gas molecules is influenced by their temperature and molar mass. According to the equation for root mean square speed, lighter gases (lower molar mass) move faster than heavier gases at the same temperature. This concept is essential for ranking the average speeds of neon and nitrogen in the given scenario.
Video consigliato:
Percorso guidato
02:03Average Rate of Reaction
Molar Mass
Molar mass is the mass of one mole of a substance, typically expressed in grams per mole. It plays a critical role in determining the average speed of gas molecules, as lighter gases have higher average speeds compared to heavier gases at the same temperature. Understanding the molar masses of neon and nitrogen is key to solving the ranking problem.
Video consigliato:
Percorso guidato
02:11Molar Mass Concept
Pratica correlata
Domanda del libro di testo
The coldest temperature recorded at ground level on Earth was -89.2 °C at the Vostok Station in Antarctica. What is the speed of a nitrogen molecule at this temperature? (LO 10.9)
(a) 933 m/s (b) 40.2 m/s
(c) 404 m/s (d) 12.8 m/s
740
views
Domanda del libro di testo
Two 112-L tanks are filled with gas at 330 K. One contains 5.00 mol of Kr, and the other contains 5.00 mol of O2. Considering the assumptions of kinetic–molecular theory, rank the gases from low to high for each of the following properties.
(c) Average speed
112
views
Domanda del libro di testo
A mixture of chlorine, hydrogen, and oxygen gas is in a container
at STP. Which curve represents oxygen gas? (LO 10.8)
(a) Curve (a) (b) Curve (b) (c) Curve (c)
491
views
Domanda del libro di testo
The apparatus shown consists of three bulbs connected by stopcocks. What is the pressure inside the system when the stopcocks are opened? Assume that the lines connecting the bulbs have zero volume and that the temperature remains constant. (LO 10.3, 10.7)
(a) 1.10 atm (b) 1.73 atm
(c) 4.14 atm (d) 1.41 atm
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