Question 1

A woman with blood type AB and a man with blood type O have a child. Which of the following blood types is possible for their child?

Accepted Answer

Type A

Question 2

In a dihybrid cross between two heterozygous pea plants (RrYy x RrYy), what is the expected phenotypic ratio among the offspring, assuming independent assortment?

Accepted Answer

$$9:3:3:1$$

Question 3

A fruit fly geneticist observes the following offspring from a testcross: 400 parental type A, 400 parental type B, 100 recombinant type C, and 100 recombinant type D. What is the map distance between the two genes?

Accepted Answer

$$20\%$$

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the difference between conjugation and transduction in bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Conjugation involves direct cell-to-cell contact, while transduction involves bacteriophages transferring DNA.

Question 5

A plant with genotype $$AaBb is $$testcrossed with $$aabb. If $$the two genes are linked and 20 map units apart, what percentage of the offspring are expected to be recombinant types?

Accepted Answer

$$20\%$$

Question 6

Which of the following statements about the semi-conservative model of DNA replication is correct?

Accepted Answer

Each daughter DNA molecule consists of one parental and one newly synthesized strand.

Question 7

Which enzyme is responsible for synthesizing the RNA primer during DNA replication in prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

Primase

Question 8

A woman who is a carrier for hemophilia (an X-linked recessive disorder) marries a man who does not have hemophilia. What is the probability that their son will have hemophilia?

Accepted Answer

$$50\%$$

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of a frameshift mutation?

Accepted Answer

An insertion of a single nucleotide in a coding sequence

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the function of the lac operon in E. coli?

Accepted Answer

It enables the bacterium to metabolize lactose only when glucose is absent and lactose is present.

Question 11

Which of the following is a key difference between gene regulation in eukaryotes and prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotes use chromatin remodeling to regulate gene expression, while prokaryotes do not.

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the process of Southern blotting?

Accepted Answer

It detects specific DNA sequences by hybridization with a labeled probe.

Question 13

Which of the following is a common feature of cancer cells?

Accepted Answer

Loss of contact inhibition

Question 14

A child is born with Down syndrome. Which chromosomal abnormality is most likely responsible?

Accepted Answer

Trisomy 21

Question 15

Which of the following statements about mitochondrial inheritance is correct?

Accepted Answer

It is inherited exclusively from the mother.

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the function of the p53 gene?

Accepted Answer

It acts as a tumor suppressor by regulating the cell cycle and promoting apoptosis.

Question 17

Which of the following is a real-world application of recombinant DNA technology in medicine?

Accepted Answer

Production of synthetic human insulin

Question 18

In the shotgun approach to genome sequencing, which of the following steps is essential?

Accepted Answer

Randomly fragmenting the genome and assembling overlapping sequences

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why Golden Rice was genetically engineered?

Accepted Answer

To produce beta-carotene and address vitamin A deficiency

Question 20

A geneticist is analyzing a gene with three alleles: $$A_1$$, $$A_2$$, and $$A_3. If$$ $$A_1$$ and $$A_2$$ are codominant and $$A_3 is $$recessive, what phenotype would result from an $$A_1A_2$$ individual?

Accepted Answer

Both $$A_1$$ and $$A_2$$ traits are expressed equally

Comprehensive Study Notes: Genetics Final Exam Outline (2025SP)

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

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