Question 1

Which of the following best describes Mendel’s Law of Segregation?

Accepted Answer

Alleles for a trait separate during gamete formation, and each gamete receives only one allele.

Question 2

In a monohybrid cross between two heterozygous pea plants (Rr × Rr), what is the expected genotypic ratio in the F2 generation?

Accepted Answer

$$1:2:1$$

Question 3

A test cross is performed between a pea plant with an unknown genotype showing the dominant trait and a true-breeding recessive plant. If the unknown plant is heterozygous, what is the expected ratio of offspring?

Accepted Answer

$$1:1 ($$dominant:recessive)

Question 4

Which of the following is an example of a Mendelian disorder that is autosomal recessive?

Accepted Answer

Sickle cell anemia

Question 5

In a dihybrid cross (RrGg × RrGg), what is the expected phenotypic ratio in the F2 generation?

Accepted Answer

$$9:3:3:1$$

Question 6

If two parents are both heterozygous for three genes (AaBbCc × AaBbCc), what is the probability of obtaining an offspring with genotype AaBBCc?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{1}{16}$$

Question 7

Which experimental approach did Mendel use to determine whether a plant showing the dominant trait was true-breeding?

Accepted Answer

Test cross with a plant showing the recessive trait

Question 8

What is the expected phenotypic ratio for a trihybrid cross (RrGgTt × RrGgTt) in the F2 generation?

Accepted Answer

$$27:9:9:9:3:3:3:1$$

Question 9

Which of the following statements about reciprocal crosses is correct?

Accepted Answer

Reciprocal crosses between pure-breeding parents produce identical results.

Question 10

A plant with genotype RrGg is self-fertilized. What is the probability that an offspring will have the genotype rrgg?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{1}{16}$$

Question 11

Which of the following best explains the reappearance of a trait in the F2 generation that was absent in the F1 generation?

Accepted Answer

The trait is recessive and masked by the dominant allele in the F1 generation.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a key feature of Mendel’s experimental design?

Accepted Answer

Blending inheritance in offspring

Question 13

In Mendel’s experiments, what was the observed phenotypic ratio for tall to short plants in the F2 generation?

Accepted Answer

$$2.98:1$$

Question 14

Which of the following human traits is commonly used as an example of a dominant Mendelian trait?

Accepted Answer

Widow’s peak

Question 15

If a plant is true-breeding for a trait, what is its genotype?

Accepted Answer

Homozygous

Question 16

Which of the following best describes Mendel’s Law of Independent Assortment?

Accepted Answer

Alleles of different genes assort independently during gamete formation.

Question 17

A cross between two pea plants produces offspring in a 3:1 ratio of yellow to green seeds. What does this suggest about the parental genotypes?

Accepted Answer

Both parents are heterozygous for seed color.

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct prediction for the F2 generation in a dihybrid cross (RrGg × RrGg) for the trait 'round, yellow'?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{9}{16}$$

Question 19

In Mendel’s experiments, which generation is produced by crossing two F1 individuals?

Accepted Answer

F2 generation

Mendelian Inheritance and the Foundations of Transmission Genetics

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