Question 1

Which of the following best describes a Genetically Modified Organism (GMO)?

Accepted Answer

An organism whose genome has been altered using recombinant DNA technology to introduce new genetic material.

Question 2

Which enzyme is commonly referred to as 'DNA scissors' due to its ability to cut DNA at specific sequences?

Accepted Answer

Restriction enzyme

Question 3

A researcher wants to insert a gene for green fluorescent protein (GFP) into a mouse genome. Which of the following steps is NOT required for this process?

Accepted Answer

Sequencing the entire mouse genome before transformation

Question 4

Which of the following statements about CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

CRISPR/Cas9 uses a guide RNA to direct the Cas9 nuclease to a specific DNA sequence.

Question 5

Which repair mechanism is most precise for inserting a new DNA fragment after a double-strand break?

Accepted Answer

Homology-directed repair (HDR)

Question 6

A scientist uses PCR to amplify a DNA segment. If the initial amount of DNA is $$N_0$$ and the number of cycles is $$n$$, what is the final amount of DNA produced (assuming 100% efficiency)?

Accepted Answer

$$N_0$$ 	imes 2^n$$

Question 7

Which of the following is a key advantage of using Illumina (Next Generation Sequencing) over Sanger sequencing?

Accepted Answer

Illumina sequencing allows for massively parallel sequencing of many short DNA fragments.

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a feature of an ideal bacterial plasmid cloning vector?

Accepted Answer

Ability to integrate into the host chromosome

Question 9

In blue-white screening, what color will the bacterial colonies be if the plasmid contains an inserted foreign DNA fragment?

Accepted Answer

White

Question 10

Which of the following best explains why a bacterial plasmid vector is necessary for cloning foreign DNA in bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Linear DNA is rapidly degraded in bacteria, but plasmids provide a stable, replicating environment for foreign DNA.

Question 11

Which of the following is a real-world application of recombinant DNA technology in medicine?

Accepted Answer

Production of human insulin in genetically modified E. coli

Question 12

Which of the following statements about restriction enzymes is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

They always produce sticky ends when cutting DNA.

Question 13

A scientist wants to clone a 200 kb DNA fragment. Which vector should they use?

Accepted Answer

Bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC)

Question 14

Which of the following is a limitation of conventional transgenic plant production?

Accepted Answer

Random insertion of the transgene

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the function of DNA ligase in recombinant DNA technology?

Accepted Answer

It joins DNA fragments by forming phosphodiester bonds.

Question 16

Which of the following is a key ethical concern regarding the use of CRISPR/Cas9 in human embryos?

Accepted Answer

The long-term effects and off-target mutations are not fully understood.

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why sticky-end ligation is generally more efficient than blunt-end ligation?

Accepted Answer

Sticky ends allow for hydrogen bonding between complementary overhangs, facilitating the action of DNA ligase.

Question 18

Which of the following is a real-world example of a genetically modified animal approved for human consumption in the U.S.?

Accepted Answer

Super salmon with a growth hormone gene

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the principle behind gel electrophoresis?

Accepted Answer

Separation of DNA, RNA, or proteins based on their size and charge using an electric field.

Question 20

A scientist is using Sanger sequencing to determine the sequence of a DNA fragment. What is the role of dideoxynucleotides (ddNTPs) in this process?

Accepted Answer

They terminate DNA synthesis by lacking a 3'-OH group.

Recombinant DNA Technology and Applications: A Study Guide

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard