Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main difference between a genomic DNA library and a cDNA library?

Accepted Answer

A genomic DNA library contains DNA fragments representing the entire genome, while a cDNA library contains DNA copies of only the expressed mRNA.

Question 2

In Sanger sequencing, what is the role of dideoxynucleotides (ddNTPs)?

Accepted Answer

They terminate DNA synthesis at specific bases due to the absence of a 3'-OH group.

Question 3

Which sequencing technology is best suited for generating long reads and real-time sequencing of single DNA molecules?

Accepted Answer

Nanopore sequencing

Question 4

A researcher wants to compare gene expression profiles between normal and cancerous tissues. Which omics approach and sequencing technology should they use?

Accepted Answer

Transcriptomics with RNA-seq using Illumina NGS

Question 5

Which of the following statements about the Human Genome Project (HGP) is correct?

Accepted Answer

The HGP involved cloning DNA fragments into BACs and YACs for sequencing.

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why ddNTPs terminate DNA synthesis in Sanger sequencing?

Accepted Answer

ddNTPs lack a 3'-OH group, preventing the addition of another nucleotide.

Question 7

Which of the following is a key advantage of next-generation sequencing (NGS) over Sanger sequencing?

Accepted Answer

NGS allows massively parallel sequencing of millions of short DNA fragments.

Question 8

A scientist is interested in mapping DNA methylation patterns across the entire genome. Which method should they use?

Accepted Answer

Whole genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS)

Question 9

Which of the following best describes a 'contig' in genome assembly?

Accepted Answer

A continuous sequence of DNA constructed by overlapping sequence reads.

Question 10

Which omics technology would be most appropriate for identifying all proteins expressed in a cancer cell line?

Accepted Answer

Proteomics

Question 11

A patient is suspected to have a genetic disease caused by a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). Which technology would be most effective for detecting this mutation?

Accepted Answer

Sanger sequencing

Question 12

Which of the following is a primary goal of functional genomics?

Accepted Answer

To assign biological functions to genomic elements such as genes and regulatory regions.

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the process of shotgun sequencing?

Accepted Answer

Randomly fragmenting DNA, sequencing the fragments, and assembling the sequences using overlaps.

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a typical application of metagenomics?

Accepted Answer

Comparing gene expression profiles between normal and diseased tissues.

Question 15

Which of the following statements about the human reference genome is correct?

Accepted Answer

It is assembled from pooled haploid genomes of multiple individuals.

Question 16

A researcher is interested in mapping open chromatin regions to identify regulatory elements. Which technique should they use?

Accepted Answer

ATAC-seq

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the main advantage of single-cell RNA sequencing over bulk RNA sequencing?

Accepted Answer

It characterizes tissue heterogeneity and identifies rare cell types.

Question 18

Which of the following is a key feature of Illumina sequencing technology?

Accepted Answer

Sequencing by synthesis with short reads and massive parallelization

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct statement about the speed of DNA sequencing technologies over time?

Accepted Answer

Third-generation sequencing technologies have dramatically increased sequencing speed compared to previous generations.

Question 20

Which of the following is a real-world application of genome-wide association studies (GWAS)?

Accepted Answer

Discovering genetic variants associated with complex diseases such as diabetes.

Recombinant DNA Technology, DNA Sequencing, and Genomic Analysis

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