Question 1

Which of the following is a primary reason why cells undergo mitosis?

Accepted Answer

To produce identical daughter cells for growth and repair

Question 2

During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?

Accepted Answer

S phase

Question 3

A diploid cell (2n = 46) undergoes mitosis. How many chromosomes will each daughter cell have?

Accepted Answer

$$46$$

Question 4

Which of the following best describes homologous chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

Chromosomes that have the same genes at the same loci but may have different alleles

Question 5

What is the main outcome of meiosis I?

Accepted Answer

Separation of homologous chromosomes and reduction of chromosome number from $$2n to$$ $$n$$

Question 6

Which process during meiosis leads to genetic recombination?

Accepted Answer

Crossing over between homologous chromosomes during prophase I

Question 7

A human gamete contains how many chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

$$23$$

Question 8

Which of the following events does NOT occur during mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Crossing over between homologous chromosomes

Question 9

If a diploid organism has a total of $$2n = 78$$ chromosomes, how many chromosomes will be present in each gamete after meiosis?

Accepted Answer

$$39$$

Question 10

Which checkpoint in the cell cycle ensures that all chromosomes are properly attached to the spindle before anaphase begins?

Accepted Answer

Metaphase checkpoint

Question 11

What is the significance of random segregation of chromosomes during meiosis?

Accepted Answer

It increases genetic variation among gametes

Question 12

Which structure is responsible for holding sister chromatids together?

Accepted Answer

Centromere

Question 13

A mutation occurs that prevents crossing over during meiosis. What is the most likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

Genetic variation among offspring will decrease

Question 14

Which of the following best describes a haploid cell?

Accepted Answer

A cell with one set of chromosomes

Question 15

In which phase of mitosis do sister chromatids separate and move toward opposite poles?

Accepted Answer

Anaphase

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a function of mitosis in multicellular organisms?

Accepted Answer

Production of gametes

Question 17

If a cell fails to pass the G2 checkpoint, what is the most likely outcome?

Accepted Answer

The cell will not divide and may undergo repair or apoptosis

Question 18

Which of the following statements about meiosis is correct?

Accepted Answer

Meiosis involves one round of DNA replication and two rounds of cell division

Question 19

A cell with 24 chromosomes undergoes meiosis. How many chromosomes will each resulting gamete have?

Accepted Answer

$$12$$

Question 20

Which of the following events is unique to meiosis and does NOT occur in mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Pairing of homologous chromosomes

Revision of Mitosis & Meiosis – Genetics 214 Study Notes

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