$$6CO_2 + 6H_2O + \text{energy} \rightarrow C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the general formula for most carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

$$C_n(H_2O)_n$$

Question 2

Which process in plants converts carbon dioxide and water into glucose using energy from sunlight?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Question 3

Which of the following is a disaccharide that is NOT a reducing sugar?

Accepted Answer

Sucrose

Question 4

A carbohydrate that cannot be hydrolyzed into smaller units is called a:

Accepted Answer

Monosaccharide

Question 5

Which of the following statements about chiral molecules is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Chiral molecules have at least one carbon atom bonded to four different atoms or groups.

Question 6

Which of the following is the correct balanced equation for photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

$$6CO_2 + 6H_2O + 	ext{energy} ightarrow C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2$$

Question 7

Which type of glycosidic bond is found in cellulose?

Accepted Answer

$$\beta(1 \rightarrow 4)$$

Question 8

Which polysaccharide is the main storage form of glucose in animals?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen

Question 9

Which of the following is a ketose monosaccharide?

Accepted Answer

Fructose

Question 10

Which statement about the digestion of starch in humans is CORRECT?

Accepted Answer

Starch is digested by amylase and maltase to produce glucose.

Question 11

Which of the following is a consequence of consuming more than the optimal amount of xylitol?

Accepted Answer

It can cause intestinal discomfort.

Question 12

Which of the following is TRUE about the Haworth structure of D-glucose?

Accepted Answer

The -OH group on carbon 1 can be above or below the ring, giving $$\alpha$$ and $$\beta$$ isomers.

Question 13

Which of the following is a reducing sugar?

Accepted Answer

Maltose

Question 14

Which enzyme is responsible for hydrolyzing lactose in the human digestive system?

Accepted Answer

Lactase

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why humans cannot digest cellulose?

Accepted Answer

Humans lack the enzyme to hydrolyze $$\beta(1 \rightarrow 4)$$ glycosidic bonds.

Question 16

Which of the following is TRUE about the oxidation of an aldose monosaccharide?

Accepted Answer

It produces a sugar acid.

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct description of a chiral carbon atom?

Accepted Answer

A carbon atom bonded to four different atoms or groups.

Question 18

Which of the following is TRUE about the structure of amylopectin?

Accepted Answer

It is a branched polymer of glucose with both $$\alpha(1 \rightarrow 4)$$ and $$\alpha(1 \rightarrow 6)$$ bonds.

Question 19

Which of the following is a product of the hydrolysis of sucrose?

Accepted Answer

Glucose and fructose

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct statement about Fischer projections of monosaccharides?

Accepted Answer

Horizontal lines represent bonds projecting forward; vertical lines project backward.

Chapter 15: Carbohydrates – Structure, Classification, and Properties

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