$$\frac{30.0\ g}{150.0\ g} \times 100\% = 20.0\%$$

$$M = \frac{\text{moles of solute}}{\text{liters of solution}}$$

$$\text{mass/volume percent (m/v)} = \frac{\text{grams of solute}}{\text{milliliters of solution}} \times 100\%$$

$$\frac{8.0\ g}{100\ mL} \times 100\% = 8.0\%$$

Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes a strong electrolyte when dissolved in water?

Accepted Answer

It dissociates completely into ions, allowing the solution to conduct electricity well.

Question 2

A solution is prepared by dissolving 30.0 g of NaOH in 120.0 g of water. What is the mass percent (m/m) of NaOH in the solution?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{30.0\ g}{150.0\ g} 	imes 100\% = 20.0\%$$

Question 3

Which of the following best explains why iodine (I$$_2) $$does not dissolve in water?

Accepted Answer

Iodine is nonpolar and water is polar, so there is little attraction between their molecules.

Question 4

Which of the following is a correct definition of molarity ($$M$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$M = \frac{	ext{moles of solute}}{	ext{liters of solution}}$$

Question 5

A nurse administers an IV solution that is 0.45% (m/v) NaCl to a patient. What effect will this have on the patient's red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

Water will enter the cells, causing them to swell and possibly burst (hemolysis).

Question 6

Which of the following best describes a colloid?

Accepted Answer

A mixture with larger particles than a solution that do not settle and cannot be separated by filtration.

Question 7

A 5.0% (m/v) glucose solution is considered isotonic to red blood cells. What does this mean in terms of osmosis?

Accepted Answer

There is no net movement of water into or out of the cells.

Question 8

Which of the following is the correct equation for calculating mass/volume percent (m/v) of a solution?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{mass/volume percent (m/v)} = \frac{	ext{grams of solute}}{	ext{milliliters of solution}} 	imes 100\%$$

Question 9

Which of the following best describes dialysis as used in medicine?

Accepted Answer

Dialysis removes waste products and excess water from the blood through a semipermeable membrane.

Question 10

A solution is prepared by dissolving 8.0 g of HCl in enough water to make 100 mL of solution. What is the mass/volume percent (m/v) of HCl?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{8.0\ g}{100\ mL} 	imes 100\% = 8.0\%$$

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a property of a solution?

Accepted Answer

Particles can be separated by filtration.

Question 12

A 1.0 M NaCl solution contains:

Accepted Answer

1.0 mole of NaCl per 1.0 liter of solution

Question 13

Which of the following best describes a saturated solution?

Accepted Answer

It contains the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve at a given temperature, with undissolved solute present.

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct statement about osmosis?

Accepted Answer

Water moves from a region of lower solute concentration to a region of higher solute concentration through a semipermeable membrane.

Question 15

Which of the following is an example of a weak electrolyte?

Accepted Answer

Acetic acid ($$\mathrm{CH_3COOH}$$), which partially dissociates in water

Question 16

A red blood cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. What will happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

Water will leave the cell, causing it to shrink (crenation).

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the difference between a solution and a suspension?

Accepted Answer

A solution has particles that do not settle out, while a suspension has particles that settle rapidly.

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct statement about nonelectrolytes?

Accepted Answer

They dissolve as molecules in water and do not conduct electricity.

Question 19

A solution is prepared by mixing 25 mL of ethanol with enough water to make 100 mL of solution. What is the volume percent (v/v) of ethanol?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{25\ mL}{100\ mL} 	imes 100\% = 25\%$$

Chapter 9: Solutions – GOB Chemistry Study Notes

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