Question 1

Which of the following statements best explains why alkanes are generally insoluble in water?

Accepted Answer

Alkanes are nonpolar and water is polar, so they do not mix due to the 'like dissolves like' principle.

Question 2

Which of the following is the correct IUPAC name for the compound with the structure $$\mathrm{CH_3CH_2CH(CH_3$)CH_2CH_3}$$?

Accepted Answer

2-Methylpentane

Question 3

Which of the following compounds will have the highest boiling point?

Accepted Answer

1-Butanol ($$\mathrm{CH_3CH_2CH_2CH_2OH})$$

Question 4

A compound reacts with hydrogen ($$\mathrm{H_2$}) in $$the presence of a nickel catalyst to form an alkane. Which type of compound is it most likely to be?

Accepted Answer

Alkene

Question 5

Which of the following is a structural isomer of 2-methylpropane ($$\mathrm{C_4H_{10}}$$)?

Accepted Answer

n-Butane ($$\mathrm{CH_3CH_2CH_2CH_3})$$

Question 6

Which of the following reactions best describes the dehydration of an alcohol?

Accepted Answer

Alcohol $$\rightarrow$$ Alkene + Water, using acid catalyst and heat

Question 7

Which compound would give a positive Tollens’ test?

Accepted Answer

Propanal ($$\mathrm{CH_3CH_2CHO})$$

Question 8

Which of the following is the correct IUPAC name for the compound with the structure $$\mathrm{CH_3CH_2OCH_2CH_3}$$?

Accepted Answer

Diethyl ether

Question 9

Which of the following statements about benzene is correct?

Accepted Answer

Benzene is an aromatic compound with a planar ring structure and delocalized electrons.

Question 10

Which of the following is the major product when 2-butanol is oxidized with potassium dichromate ($$\mathrm{K_2Cr_2O_7}) $$under acidic conditions?

Accepted Answer

2-Butanone ($$\mathrm{CH_3COCH_2CH_3})$$

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the difference between a primary and a tertiary alcohol?

Accepted Answer

A primary alcohol has the hydroxyl group attached to a carbon bonded to one other carbon, while a tertiary alcohol has the hydroxyl group attached to a carbon bonded to three other carbons.

Question 12

Which of the following compounds is most likely to undergo addition polymerization?

Accepted Answer

Ethene ($$\mathrm{CH_2$=CH_2$})$$

Question 13

Which of the following is the correct product when benzaldehyde ($$\mathrm{C_6H_5CHO}) is $$reduced with sodium borohydride ($$\mathrm{$$NaBH_4$$}$$)?

Accepted Answer

Benzyl alcohol ($$\mathrm{C_6H_5CH_2OH})$$

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the outcome when an aldehyde reacts with an alcohol under acidic conditions?

Accepted Answer

Formation of a hemiacetal, which can further react to form an acetal.

Question 15

Which of the following compounds is most likely to be soluble in water?

Accepted Answer

Methanol ($$\mathrm{CH_3OH})$$

Question 16

Which of the following is the correct IUPAC name for the compound with the structure $$\mathrm{CH_3CH_2CH_2CHO}$$?

Accepted Answer

Butanal

Question 17

Which of the following statements about ethers is correct?

Accepted Answer

Ethers have lower boiling points than alcohols of similar molecular weight due to lack of hydrogen bonding.

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct product when ethanol ($$\mathrm{CH_3CH_2OH}) $$undergoes complete combustion?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{2CO_2 + 3H_2O}$$

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the physical properties of ketones compared to alcohols of similar molecular weight?

Accepted Answer

Ketones have lower boiling points than alcohols because they cannot form hydrogen bonds with themselves.

CHM132 Exam 1 Study Guide: Hydrocarbons, Alcohols, Aldehydes & Ketones

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