Question 1

Which statement best describes the octet rule as it applies to main-group elements?

Accepted Answer

Atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons to achieve eight electrons in their valence shell.

Question 2

What is the electron configuration for a neutral nitrogen atom (atomic number 7)?

Accepted Answer

$$1s^2$$\ $$2s^2$$\ $$2p^3$$

Question 3

A magnesium atom loses two electrons to form an ion. What is the symbol and charge of this ion?

Accepted Answer

$$Mg^{2+}$$

Question 4

Which of the following ions is isoelectronic with neon ($$Ne$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$F^{-}$$

Question 5

What is the correct formula for the ionic compound formed between aluminum ($$Al^{3+}) $$and oxide ($$O^{2-}) $$ions?

Accepted Answer

$$Al_2O_3$$

Question 6

Which of the following is the correct name for $$Fe^{2+}$$?

Accepted Answer

Iron (II) ion

Question 7

A patient is prescribed calcium phosphate for bone health. What is the formula for calcium phosphate?

Accepted Answer

$$Ca_3$$($$PO_4)_2$

Question 8

Which polyatomic ion is commonly found in antacids and has the formula $$OH^{-}$$?

Accepted Answer

Hydroxide

Question 9

If a sodium atom ($$Na) $$loses one electron, what is the resulting number of protons and electrons in the ion?

Accepted Answer

11 protons, 10 electrons

Question 10

Which of the following compounds is formed by the combination of $$Mg^{2+}$$ and $$Cl^{-}$$ ions?

Accepted Answer

$$MgCl_2$$

Question 11

What is the charge on the phosphate ion?

Accepted Answer

$$3-$$

Question 12

Which of the following ions is responsible for regulating fluids outside cells and is commonly found in table salt?

Accepted Answer

$$Na^{+}$$

Question 13

What is the correct name for the compound $$Cu_2O$$?

Accepted Answer

Copper (I) oxide

Question 14

Which of the following ions is found in the protein hemoglobin and is responsible for oxygen transport?

Accepted Answer

$$Fe^{2+}$$

Question 15

A compound contains $$NH_4$$^+$$ and NO_3$^-. $$What is its name?

Accepted Answer

Ammonium nitrate

Question 16

Which of the following ions is used to control acid–base balance in blood?

Accepted Answer

$$HCO_3$$^{-}$$

Question 17

What is the formula for the ionic compound formed between potassium ($$K^+) $$and sulfate ($$SO_4$$^{2-}$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$K_2SO_4$$

Question 18

Which of the following ions is a poison that disrupts cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$CN^{-}$$

Question 19

A transition metal forms a compound with the formula $$Fe(NO_3$)_2. $$What is the charge on the iron ion in this compound?

Accepted Answer

$$2+$$

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why sodium and chlorine form an ionic bond?

Accepted Answer

Sodium loses an electron to become $$Na^+$$, chlorine gains an electron to become $$Cl^-$$, and the resulting opposite charges attract.

Compounds—How Elements Combine: Electron Arrangements, Ion Formation, and Ionic Compounds

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