Question 1

A patient is prescribed morphine for severe postoperative pain. Which of the following best describes how morphine provides pain relief?

Accepted Answer

It binds to mu-opioid receptors in the brain, changing the perception of pain.

Question 2

A 70-year-old patient with chronic back pain is started on an opioid agonist. Which of the following is the most important consideration for dosing in this patient?

Accepted Answer

Older adults may require lower or less frequent doses due to decreased liver and kidney function.

Question 3

A patient is prescribed acetaminophen for mild pain. Which of the following statements is correct regarding its use?

Accepted Answer

Acetaminophen reduces pain perception in the brain and should not exceed 4 g per day in adults.

Question 4

A patient with a history of epilepsy is prescribed tramadol for postoperative pain. What is the most appropriate nursing action?

Accepted Answer

Hold the dose and notify the healthcare provider due to increased seizure risk.

Question 5

Which of the following drugs is most likely to cause respiratory depression as a serious adverse effect?

Accepted Answer

Morphine

Question 6

A patient is prescribed both acetaminophen and a lidocaine patch for pain management. What is the most significant risk associated with this combination?

Accepted Answer

Development of methemoglobinemia, a rare blood disorder

Question 7

A child is brought to the emergency department after receiving aspirin for a viral illness. Which life-threatening condition is most associated with this scenario?

Accepted Answer

Reye’s syndrome

Question 8

A patient with chronic cancer pain is receiving a long-acting opioid agonist and reports a sudden increase in pain. What is the best explanation for this phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

The patient is experiencing breakthrough pain.

Question 9

Which of the following is a key difference between opioid agonist-antagonist analgesics (such as pentazocine) and pure opioid agonists (such as morphine)?

Accepted Answer

Opioid agonist-antagonists can precipitate withdrawal symptoms in patients dependent on opioid agonists.

Question 10

A patient is prescribed cyclobenzaprine for muscle spasm pain. Which of the following findings would require immediate notification of the healthcare provider?

Accepted Answer

Persistent irregular heartbeat

Question 11

A patient is scheduled for surgery and reports a family history of malignant hyperthermia. Which of the following is the most appropriate nursing action?

Accepted Answer

Notify the surgeon or anesthetist immediately.

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the mechanism of action of local anesthetics such as lidocaine?

Accepted Answer

They block the generation and conduction of nerve impulses at the site of application.

Question 13

A patient is prescribed an NSAID for chronic arthritis pain. Which of the following symptoms should be reported to the prescriber immediately?

Accepted Answer

Black, tarry stools

Question 14

Which of the following statements about pain perception is most accurate?

Accepted Answer

Pain is a personal experience influenced by biological, psychological, and social factors.

Question 15

A patient is prescribed methocarbamol for muscle spasms. Which of the following patients should NOT receive this drug?

Accepted Answer

A patient with a seizure disorder

Question 16

Which of the following is a common adverse effect of inhaled general anesthetics such as sevoflurane?

Accepted Answer

Postoperative nausea and vomiting

Question 17

A patient is prescribed an antidepressant for chronic neuropathic pain. What is the primary mechanism by which antidepressants help relieve pain?

Accepted Answer

They increase the amount of natural opioids (endorphins and enkephalins) in the brain.

Question 18

A patient is prescribed buprenorphine for pain management. Which of the following best describes its action?

Accepted Answer

It is a partial agonist at mu receptors and an antagonist at kappa receptors.

Question 19

A patient is prescribed gabapentin for neuropathic pain. Which of the following statements is correct?

Accepted Answer

Gabapentin is an anticonvulsant that reduces the rate of pain signal transmission along sensory nerves.

Question 20

A patient is prescribed a fentanyl transdermal patch for chronic pain. Which of the following instructions is most important to prevent overdose?

Accepted Answer

Change the patch and rotate sites at least every 72 hours, removing old patches before applying new ones.

Comprehensive Study Notes: Pain, Analgesics, and Anesthesia

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard