Question 1

According to the Kinetic Molecular Theory, which of the following statements best explains why gases are easily compressed?

Accepted Answer

The actual volume occupied by gas molecules is extremely small compared to the volume the gas occupies.

Question 2

A sample of nitrogen gas occupies a volume of 8.0 L at a pressure of 2.0 atm. If the pressure is decreased to 1.0 atm at constant temperature, what will be the new volume of the gas? (Use Boyle’s Law: $$P_1V_1 = P_2V_2)$$

Accepted Answer

$$16.0\ \mathrm{L}$$

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the relationship between the average kinetic energy of gas molecules and temperature?

Accepted Answer

Average kinetic energy is directly proportional to the Kelvin temperature.

Question 4

A gas has a pressure of 645 Torr at $$128^{\circ}$$\mathrm{C}$$. What is the temperature in $$^{\circ}\mathrm{C}$$ if the pressure increases to 824 Torr? (Use Gay-Lussac’s Law: $$\frac{$$P_1$$}{$$T_1$$} = \frac{$$P_2$$}{$$T_2$$}$$, temperatures in Kelvin)

Accepted Answer

$$273^{\circ}$$\mathrm{C}$$

Question 5

Why does water boil at a lower temperature in the mountains than at sea level?

Accepted Answer

The atmospheric pressure is lower at higher altitudes, so water molecules need less energy to escape into the gas phase.

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a standard unit for measuring gas pressure?

Accepted Answer

Joule (J)

Question 7

A sample of oxygen gas has a volume of 420 mL at $$18^{\circ}$$\mathrm{C}$$. At what temperature (in $$^{\circ}\mathrm{C}$$) will the volume be 640 mL? (Use Charles’s Law: $$\frac{$$V_1$$}{$$T_1$$} = \frac{$$V_2$$}{$$T_2$$}$$, temperatures in Kelvin)

Accepted Answer

$$91^{\circ}$$\mathrm{C}$$

Question 8

If the temperature of a gas is doubled (in Kelvin) while the volume and amount of gas remain constant, what happens to the pressure?

Accepted Answer

The pressure is doubled.

Question 9

Which property of a gas is defined as the force exerted by the gas against the walls of its container?

Accepted Answer

Pressure

Question 10

A sample of gas in a sealed container is heated from $$300\ \mathrm{K} to$$ $$600\ \mathrm{K} at $$constant volume. If the initial pressure was $$1.5\ \mathrm{atm}$$, what is the final pressure? (Use Gay-Lussac’s Law: $$\frac{P_1$}{T_1$} = \frac{P_2$}{T_2$})$$

Accepted Answer

$$3.0\ \mathrm{atm}$$

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why atmospheric pressure decreases with increasing altitude?

Accepted Answer

There are fewer gas particles in the air as altitude increases.

Question 12

A sample of gas has a volume of $$5.0\ \mathrm{L} at a $$pressure of $$2.0\ \mathrm{atm}. If $$the volume is decreased to $$2.5\ \mathrm{L} at $$constant temperature, what is the new pressure? (Use Boyle’s Law: $$P_1V_1 = P_2V_2)$$

Accepted Answer

$$4.0\ \mathrm{atm}$$

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct equality for pressure units?

Accepted Answer

$$1\ \mathrm{atm} = 101.325\ \mathrm{kPa}$$

Question 14

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates Boyle’s Law?

Accepted Answer

A syringe plunger is pushed in, decreasing the volume and increasing the pressure of the gas inside.

Question 15

If a gas sample is cooled from $$400\ \mathrm{K} to$$ $$200\ \mathrm{K} at $$constant pressure, what happens to its volume? (Use Charles’s Law: $$\frac{V_1$}{T_1$} = \frac{V_2$}{T_2$})$$

Accepted Answer

The volume is halved.

Gas Laws and Properties of Gases (Ch. 8: Sections 8.1–8.4)

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