Q: A sample of oxygen gas at 1.00 atm and 300 K occupies 10.0 L. If the pressure is increased to 2.00 atm at constant temperature, what will be the new volume?

$$V_2$$ = \frac{$$P_1$$ $$V_1$$}{$$P_2$$} = \frac{1.00 \times 10.0}{2.00} = 5.0\ \mathrm{L}$$

Q: At standard temperature and pressure (STP), what is the volume occupied by 2.00 mol of any ideal gas?

$$V = n \times 22.4\ \mathrm{L} = 2.00 \times 22.4 = 44.8\ \mathrm{L}$$

Q: A 1.00 mol sample of gas at 273 K and 1 atm is compressed to 0.50 atm at constant temperature. What is the new volume?

$$V_2$$ = \frac{$$P_1$$ $$V_1$$}{$$P_2$$} = \frac{1.00 \times 22.4}{0.50} = 44.8\ \mathrm{L}$$

Q: A gas sample has a volume of 5.00 L at 300 K. If the temperature is increased to 600 K at constant pressure, what is the new volume?

$$V_2$$ = $$V_1$$ \times \frac{$$T_2$$}{$$T_1$$} = 5.00 \times \frac{600}{300} = 10.0\ \mathrm{L}$$

Question 1

Which statement best describes the kinetic-molecular theory assumption about gas particles?

Accepted Answer

Gas particles move randomly with negligible attractive forces between them.

Question 2

A sample of oxygen gas at 1.00 atm and 300 K occupies 10.0 L. If the pressure is increased to 2.00 atm at constant temperature, what will be the new volume?

Accepted Answer

$$V_2$$ = \frac{$$P_1$$ $$V_1$$}{$$P_2$$} = \frac{1.00 	imes 10.0}{2.00} = 5.0\ \mathrm{L}$$

Question 3

Which intermolecular force is present in all molecules, regardless of polarity?

Accepted Answer

London dispersion forces

Question 4

At standard temperature and pressure (STP), what is the volume occupied by 2.00 mol of any ideal gas?

Accepted Answer

$$V = n 	imes 22.4\ \mathrm{L} = 2.00 	imes 22.4 = 44.8\ \mathrm{L}$$

Question 5

Which of the following substances would you expect to have the highest boiling point due to hydrogen bonding?

Accepted Answer

NH$$_3$$

Question 6

A sealed container holds a mixture of three gases: O$$_2 (0.50 $$atm), N$$_2 (0.30 $$atm), and CO$$_2 (0.20 $$atm). What is the total pressure according to Dalton’s law?

Accepted Answer

$$P_{total} = 0.50 + 0.30 + 0.20 = 1.00\ \mathrm{atm}$$

Question 7

Which type of solid is characterized by a rigid, ordered arrangement of ions and high melting points?

Accepted Answer

Ionic solid

Question 8

A 1.00 mol sample of gas at 273 K and 1 atm is compressed to 0.50 atm at constant temperature. What is the new volume?

Accepted Answer

$$V_2$$ = \frac{$$P_1$$ $$V_1$$}{$$P_2$$} = \frac{1.00 	imes 22.4}{0.50} = 44.8\ \mathrm{L}$$

Question 9

Which property of water is responsible for its ability to moderate temperature in lakes and the human body?

Accepted Answer

High specific heat

Question 10

A gas sample has a volume of 5.00 L at 300 K. If the temperature is increased to 600 K at constant pressure, what is the new volume?

Accepted Answer

$$V_2$$ = $$V_1$$ 	imes \frac{$$T_2$$}{$$T_1$$} = 5.00 	imes \frac{600}{300} = 10.0\ \mathrm{L}$$

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why ice floats on water?

Accepted Answer

Ice has a lower density than liquid water due to its molecular arrangement.

Question 12

Which equation represents the ideal gas law?

Accepted Answer

$$PV = nRT$$

Question 13

Which intermolecular force is responsible for the higher boiling point of H$$_2O $$compared to CH$$_4$$?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonding

Question 14

A liquid’s vapor pressure equals atmospheric pressure at its:

Accepted Answer

Boiling point

Question 15

Which of the following is true about the process of sublimation?

Accepted Answer

It is a change from solid directly to gas.

Question 16

Which of the following best describes an amorphous solid?

Accepted Answer

A solid whose particles lack internal order.

Question 17

A 2.00 L sample of gas at 1.00 atm and 300 K contains 0.10 mol. What is the value of the gas constant $$R in L-$$atm/mol-K?

Accepted Answer

$$R = 0.0821\ \mathrm{L\cdot atm/(mol\cdot K)}$$

Question 18

Which of the following statements about surface tension is correct?

Accepted Answer

Surface tension is caused by the difference in forces experienced by molecules at the surface and in the interior.

Question 19

Which law states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its Kelvin temperature at constant pressure?

Accepted Answer

Charles’s law

Gases, Liquids, and Solids: States of Matter, Gas Laws, and Intermolecular Forces

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