Question 1

Which of the following statements best distinguishes organic compounds from inorganic compounds?

Accepted Answer

Organic compounds contain at least one carbon atom and usually many hydrogen atoms.

Question 2

What is the general formula for a straight-chain alkane with $$n$$ carbon atoms?

Accepted Answer

$$C_nH_{2n+2}$$

Question 3

A hydrocarbon is found to be nonpolar, insoluble in water, and has a low boiling point. Which of the following is most likely true about this compound?

Accepted Answer

It is an organic compound, likely an alkane.

Question 4

Which of the following is the correct molecular formula for an alkane with 7 carbon atoms?

Accepted Answer

$$C_7H_{16}$$

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the bonding in alkanes?

Accepted Answer

Alkanes contain only carbon-hydrogen and carbon-carbon single bonds.

Question 6

Rank the following alkanes from lowest to highest boiling point: methane ($$CH_4$$), ethane ($$C_2H_6$$), butane ($$C_4H_{10}$$), hexane ($$C_6H_{14}).$$

Accepted Answer

methane, ethane, butane, hexane

Question 7

Which of the following is the condensed structural formula for pentane?

Accepted Answer

$$CH_3CH_2CH_2CH_2CH_3$$

Question 8

A student is given a hydrocarbon with the formula $$C_5H_{10}. $$Which class of hydrocarbon does this most likely belong to?

Accepted Answer

Alkene

Question 9

Which of the following is a property of most organic compounds but not inorganic compounds?

Accepted Answer

Nonpolar bonds

Question 10

What is the IUPAC name for the alkane with the condensed formula $$CH_3CH_2CH_2CH_2CH_2CH_3$$?

Accepted Answer

Hexane

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why hydrocarbons are generally insoluble in water?

Accepted Answer

Hydrocarbons are nonpolar and water is polar.

Question 12

A sample of gasoline contains mostly octane. What is the molecular formula for octane?

Accepted Answer

$$C_8H_{18}$$

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct line-angle formula representation for a straight-chain alkane?

Accepted Answer

Each vertex and end of the line represents a carbon atom.

Question 14

A hydrocarbon is found to have a ring structure and only single bonds. Which class does it belong to?

Accepted Answer

Cycloalkane

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct statement about the physical properties of alkanes as the number of carbon atoms increases?

Accepted Answer

Melting and boiling points increase.

Question 16

Which of the following is the correct expanded structural formula for propane?

Accepted Answer

H—C—C—C—H with each C bonded to enough H to make 4 bonds

Question 17

A patient is exposed to a hydrocarbon that burns easily in air and is not soluble in water. Which of the following is most likely the type of compound?

Accepted Answer

Organic hydrocarbon

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct IUPAC name for $$CH_3CH_2CH_2CH_2CH_2CH_2CH_3$$?

Accepted Answer

Heptane

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the difference between aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons?

Accepted Answer

Aromatic hydrocarbons contain a benzene ring structure.

Question 20

A chemist needs to identify a compound with the formula $$C_6H_{14}. $$Which of the following is the correct name for this compound?

Accepted Answer

Hexane

Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Hydrocarbons (Ch. 11) Study Guide

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