Q: A patient receives 3.2 L of IV glucose solution. If 100 mL contains 5.0 g of glucose, how many kilocalories did the patient obtain from the glucose solution? (Carbohydrate: $$4 \ \mathrm{kcal/g})$$

$$3.2 \times 10 = 32$$ portions; $$32 \times 5.0 = 160 g$$; $$160 \times 4 = 640$$ kcal

Q: Which formula is used to calculate the amount of heat ($$q) $$lost or gained by a substance?

$$q = m \times c \times \Delta T$$

Q: A 74-kg athlete has 15% body fat by mass. What is the weight of fat, in pounds, in the athlete? ($$1 \ \mathrm{kg} = 2.2 \ \mathrm{lb})$$

$$74 \times 0.15 = 11.1 kg$$; $$11.1 \times 2.2 = 24.42 lb$$

Q: A child weighing 72.6 lb is to receive Medrol at a dose of 1.5 mg/kg. The available stock is 20 mg/mL. How many milliliters should the nurse administer? ($$1 \ \mathrm{kg} = 2.2 \ \mathrm{lb})$$

$$72.6 \div 2.2 = 33 kg$$; $$33 \times 1.5 = 49.5 mg$$; $$49.5 \div 20 = 2.48 mL$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes a chemical change?

Accepted Answer

A chemical reaction forms new products, such as rusting iron.

Question 2

A nurse practitioner prepares 500 mL of an IV saline solution to be delivered at a rate of 80 mL/h. What is the infusion time, in hours, to deliver 500 mL?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{500}{80} = 6.25$$ hours

Question 3

Which statement correctly describes the Law of Conservation of Energy?

Accepted Answer

Energy cannot be created or destroyed.

Question 4

What is the specific heat capacity of water?

Accepted Answer

$$c = 4.184 \ \mathrm{J/g$$^{\circ}$$C}$$

Question 5

Which of the following is a homogeneous mixture?

Accepted Answer

Salt dissolved in water

Question 6

A patient receives 3.2 L of IV glucose solution. If 100 mL contains 5.0 g of glucose, how many kilocalories did the patient obtain from the glucose solution? (Carbohydrate: $$4 \ \mathrm{kcal/g})$$

Accepted Answer

$$3.2 	imes 10 = 32$$ portions; $$32 	imes 5.0 = 160 g$$; $$160 	imes 4 = 640$$ kcal

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a pure substance?

Accepted Answer

Air

Question 8

Which formula is used to calculate the amount of heat ($$q) $$lost or gained by a substance?

Accepted Answer

$$q = m 	imes c 	imes \Delta T$$

Question 9

A 74-kg athlete has 15% body fat by mass. What is the weight of fat, in pounds, in the athlete? ($$1 \ \mathrm{kg} = 2.2 \ \mathrm{lb})$$

Accepted Answer

$$74 	imes 0.15 = 11.1 kg$$; $$11.1 	imes 2.2 = 24.42 lb$$

Question 10

Which of the following is a physical change?

Accepted Answer

Boiling water

Question 11

Which statement about temperature is correct?

Accepted Answer

Temperature measures the average kinetic energy of particles.

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of potential energy?

Accepted Answer

A stretched rubber band

Question 13

During a phase change from solid to liquid, what happens to the temperature of the substance?

Accepted Answer

It remains constant until the change is complete.

Question 14

A child weighing 72.6 lb is to receive Medrol at a dose of 1.5 mg/kg. The available stock is 20 mg/mL. How many milliliters should the nurse administer? ($$1 \ \mathrm{kg} = 2.2 \ \mathrm{lb})$$

Accepted Answer

$$72.6 \div 2.2 = 33 kg$$; $$33 	imes 1.5 = 49.5 mg$$; $$49.5 \div 20 = 2.48 mL$$

Question 15

Which of the following best describes a compound?

Accepted Answer

A substance composed of two or more different elements chemically bonded in set proportions.

Question 16

Which type of energy is associated with the motion of particles in a substance?

Accepted Answer

Thermal energy

Question 17

If 55 kg of body tissue is heated from 13.7°C to 37°C using hot water bottles that transfer 100 kJ of heat, is this enough to reach normal body temperature? (Specific heat capacity = $$3.5 \ \mathrm{J/g$$^{\circ}$$C})$$

Accepted Answer

No, because $$q = m 	imes c 	imes \Delta T = 55,000 	imes 3.5 	imes (37 - 13.7) = 4,523,425 J$$ $$= 4,523 kJ$$, which is much greater than 100 kJ.

Question 18

Which of the following is a diatomic element?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen ($$O_2)$$

Question 19

Which of the following statements about mixtures is correct?

Accepted Answer

Mixtures have variable composition and can be separated by physical means.

Matter & Energy: Foundations of Chemistry

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

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