$$0.92 \times \frac{500}{100} = 4.6 g$$

$$M_2$$ = \frac{$$M_1$$ $$V_1$$}{$$V_2$$} = \frac{2.0 \times 10.0}{100.0} = 0.20$$ M

Question 1

Which of the following best describes a solution?

Accepted Answer

A homogeneous mixture with small particles that is transparent.

Question 2

Which statement correctly explains why NaCl(aq) conducts electricity while H2O2(aq) does not?

Accepted Answer

NaCl dissociates into ions in water, while H2O2 remains as neutral molecules.

Question 3

According to the principle 'like dissolves like,' which solvent would best dissolve octane (C8H18)?

Accepted Answer

Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)

Question 4

Which of the following is true regarding the solubility of gases in liquids?

Accepted Answer

Solubility increases as pressure increases, according to Henry's law.

Question 5

A saline solution contains 0.92% (w/v) NaCl. How many grams of NaCl are in 500 mL of this solution?

Accepted Answer

$$0.92 	imes \frac{500}{100} = 4.6 g$$

Question 6

What is the molarity of a solution made by dissolving 15.0 g of KCl (molar mass = 74.5 g/mol) in 300 mL of solution?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{15.0}{74.5} = 0.201$$ mol; $$\frac{0.201}{0.300} = 0.67 M$$

Question 7

Which of the following solutions is isotonic to human blood?

Accepted Answer

0.92% (w/v) NaCl

Question 8

A red blood cell placed in a hypotonic solution will:

Accepted Answer

Swells and may burst due to water entering the cell (hemolysis).

Question 9

What is the final concentration when 10.0 mL of a 2.0 M NaOH solution is diluted to 100.0 mL?

Accepted Answer

$$M_2$$ = \frac{$$M_1$$ $$V_1$$}{$$V_2$$} = \frac{2.0 	imes 10.0}{100.0} = 0.20$$ M

Question 10

Which property is NOT a colligative property?

Accepted Answer

Color of the solution

Question 11

One mole of any nonvolatile solute raises the boiling point of 1 kg of water by:

Accepted Answer

$$0.51^\circC$$

Question 12

Which of the following best explains the cleaning action of soap?

Accepted Answer

Soap molecules form micelles, trapping nonpolar grease inside and allowing it to be washed away by water.

Question 13

Which rule determines the solubility of ionic compounds containing sulfate ions?

Accepted Answer

Sulfate salts are soluble except with Ba$$^{2+}$$, Hg$$_2$$^{2+}$$, and Pb$$^{2+}$$.

Question 14

Which of the following is true about dialysis in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Dialysis allows water, small molecules, and ions to pass, but not large biological molecules.

Question 15

A solution contains 70 mL of 2-propanol in 100 mL of solution. What is the (v/v)% concentration?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{70}{100} 	imes 100\% = 70\%$$

Question 16

Which scenario best illustrates the effect of temperature on the solubility of a gas in water?

Accepted Answer

A can of soda loses carbonation faster when left open at room temperature than when refrigerated.

Question 17

Which equation is used to calculate the molarity (M) of a solution?

Accepted Answer

$$M = \frac{	ext{moles of solute}}{	ext{liters of solution}}$$

Question 18

What happens to the freezing point of water when a nonvolatile solute is added?

Accepted Answer

The freezing point decreases (freezing point depression).

Question 19

Which of the following best describes osmosis?

Accepted Answer

The movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from low solute concentration to high solute concentration.

Solutions and Their Properties: Structure, Solubility, and Biological Relevance 8

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