$$3.50 \times 0.240 \times 40.0 = 33.6\ \mathrm{g}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes a solution?

Accepted Answer

A homogeneous mixture with uniformly dispersed solute.

Question 2

In the mixture of salt and water shown in the image, which is the solute and which is the solvent?

Accepted Answer

Salt is the solute, water is the solvent.

Question 3

Which of the following is a correct classification of matter according to the diagram?

Accepted Answer

A solution is a homogeneous mixture.

Question 4

Which property of water makes it the 'universal solvent'?

Accepted Answer

It forms hydrogen bonds due to its polarity.

Question 5

According to the 'like dissolves like' principle, which solvent would best dissolve a nonpolar solute such as oil?

Accepted Answer

Hexane ($$\mathrm{C_6H_{14}})$$

Question 6

What happens when NaCl is dissolved in water?

Accepted Answer

NaCl dissociates into $$\mathrm{Na^+}$$ and $$\mathrm{Cl^-}$$ ions.

Question 7

Which of the following solutions is saturated at 40°C if the solubility of KBr is 80 g/100 g H$$_2O$$?

Accepted Answer

200 g KBr in 200 g H$$_2O$$

Question 8

Why does a carbonated drink potentially burst when left in the hot sun?

Accepted Answer

The solubility of the gas decreases with temperature, causing CO$$_2 to $$escape.

Question 9

According to Henry’s law, what happens to the solubility of a gas in a liquid as the pressure of the gas above the liquid increases?

Accepted Answer

Solubility increases.

Question 10

Which of the following compounds is soluble in water according to the solubility rules?

Accepted Answer

NH$$_4NO$_3$$

Question 11

What is the net ionic equation for the reaction between Na$$_3PO$_4$$ and AgNO$$_3$$?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Ag^+ (aq) + PO_4$^{3-} (aq) \rightarrow Ag_3PO_4 (s)}$$

Question 12

Which of the following is a strong electrolyte?

Accepted Answer

NaCl (aq)

Question 13

What is the molarity of a solution made by dissolving 0.066 moles of potassium chloride in 0.022 L of water?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{0.066}{0.022} = 3.0\ \mathrm{M}$$

Question 14

How many grams of NaOH are required to prepare 240 mL of a 3.50 M NaOH solution? (MW = 40.0 g/mol)

Accepted Answer

$$3.50 	imes 0.240 	imes 40.0 = 33.6\ \mathrm{g}$$

Question 15

What is the mass percent (m/m) of KCl in a solution prepared by mixing 8.00 g of KCl with 42.00 g of water?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{8.00}{8.00 + 42.00} 	imes 100 = 16\%$$

Question 16

A bottle contains 59 mL of lemon extract solution. If the solution contains 49 mL of alcohol, what is the volume percent (v/v) of alcohol?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{49}{59} 	imes 100 = 83.1\%$$

Question 17

What is the mass/volume percent (m/v) of KI in a solution made by adding 5.0 g of KI to 250 mL of water?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{5.0}{250} 	imes 100 = 2.0\%$$

Question 18

How many moles of potassium are present in 200.0 mL of 5.0 M potassium phosphate ($$\mathrm{K_3PO_4}$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$5.0 	imes 0.200 	imes 3 = 3.0\ \mathrm{mol}$$

Solutions: Properties, Types, and Calculations

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