Question 1

Which property of electromagnetic waves is defined as the distance between two adjacent crests, as shown in the first image?

Accepted Answer

Wavelength ($$\lambda)$$

Question 2

If the frequency of a wave is 8 Hz, how many crests pass a stationary point in one second, as illustrated in the second image?

Accepted Answer

8 crests

Question 3

When white light passes through a prism, it splits into a spectrum of colors. Which color has the shortest wavelength?

Accepted Answer

Violet

Question 4

According to the electromagnetic spectrum shown in the fourth image, which type of radiation has the highest energy?

Accepted Answer

Gamma rays

Question 5

Which statement best describes the difference between the white-light spectrum and the hydrogen light spectrum, as shown in the fifth image?

Accepted Answer

White-light spectrum is continuous, hydrogen spectrum has discrete lines.

Question 6

In the Bohr model, what happens when an electron absorbs energy, as shown in the sixth image?

Accepted Answer

The electron is excited to a higher-energy orbit.

Question 7

An electron in a hydrogen atom relaxes from $$n=5 to$$ $$n=2. $$What type of light is emitted, according to the seventh image?

Accepted Answer

Violet light

Question 8

Which equation correctly relates the speed of light ($$c$$), wavelength ($$\lambda$$), and frequency ($$
u$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$c = \lambda 
u$$

Question 9

Which principle states that electrons occupy orbitals in order from lowest energy to highest, as shown in the eighth image?

Accepted Answer

Aufbau principle

Question 10

What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy a single orbital, according to the Pauli exclusion principle?

Accepted Answer

Two

Question 11

Which quantum number determines the shape of an orbital?

Accepted Answer

Angular quantum number ($$l)$$

Question 12

If $$n=3$$, what are the possible values for the angular quantum number ($$l$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$l = 0, 1, 2$$

Question 13

Which element is most likely to be inert due to a completely filled outer shell?

Accepted Answer

Helium

Question 14

What is the electron configuration for oxygen ($$Z=8$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$1s^2$$ $$2s^2$$ $$2p^4$$

Question 15

Which group of elements in the periodic table is referred to as the s-block?

Accepted Answer

Groups 1A and 2A

Question 16

How many valence electrons does nitrogen have, given its position in group 5A?

Accepted Answer

5

Question 17

Which rule states that when orbitals of identical energy are available, they are first occupied singly by electrons with parallel spins?

Accepted Answer

Hund's rule

Question 18

Which quantum number describes the orientation of an orbital in space?

Accepted Answer

Magnetic quantum number ($$m)$$

Question 19

What is the relationship between energy ($$E) $$and frequency ($$
u) of $$electromagnetic radiation?

Accepted Answer

$$E \propto 
u$$

Question 20

Which element forms a $$	ext{O}^{2-}$$ ion by gaining two electrons to achieve an octet configuration?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Electrons in Atoms and the Periodic Table: Study Guide

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