Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of lymphatic vessels in the human body?

Accepted Answer

They collect excess tissue fluid and blood proteins from loose connective tissue and return them to the bloodstream.

Question 2

Which structure is the first to receive lymph from tissue fluid in the lymphatic system?

Accepted Answer

Lymphatic capillaries

Question 3

A patient has a blockage in the thoracic duct. Which part of the body is most likely to experience lymphatic fluid accumulation as a result?

Accepted Answer

Left leg, abdomen, and left side of the chest

Question 4

Which of the following mechanisms does NOT help propel lymph through lymphatic vessels?

Accepted Answer

Heartbeat directly pumping lymph

Question 5

Which lymphatic structure is specialized for absorbing digested fats from the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

Lacteals

Question 6

Which of the following is TRUE regarding lymph flow?

Accepted Answer

Lymph flows only toward the heart.

Question 7

Which of the following is a key difference between B lymphocytes and cytotoxic T lymphocytes?

Accepted Answer

B lymphocytes secrete antibodies to mark cells for destruction, while cytotoxic T lymphocytes directly perforate and kill infected cells.

Question 8

Which lymphoid organ is most active during childhood and is responsible for the maturation of T lymphocytes?

Accepted Answer

Thymus

Question 9

A patient with HIV is most likely to have impaired function of which type of lymphocyte?

Accepted Answer

Helper (CD4*) T cells

Question 10

Which of the following best explains the role of memory cells in acquired immunity?

Accepted Answer

They wait in lymphoid tissue and respond rapidly upon subsequent exposure to the same antigen.

Question 11

Which lymphoid organ is the largest aggregation of lymphoid tissue and is responsible for removing old or defective blood cells?

Accepted Answer

Spleen

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a secondary lymphoid organ?

Accepted Answer

Bone marrow

Question 13

Which of the following statements about lymph nodes is CORRECT?

Accepted Answer

Lymph nodes are surrounded by a fibrous capsule and divided into segments by trabeculae.

Question 14

Which of the following is a function of the white pulp of the spleen?

Accepted Answer

Immune response to bloodborne antigens

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the role of MALT (mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue)?

Accepted Answer

It is abundant in the walls of the intestines and provides immune protection at mucosal surfaces.

Question 16

Which of the following is TRUE about natural killer (NK) cells?

Accepted Answer

They act when they detect a lack of 'self' in a cell and destroy abnormal cells.

Question 17

Which lymphoid organ is a tubular offshoot of the cecum and is rich in lymphoid tissue?

Accepted Answer

Vermiform appendix

Question 18

Which of the following is the usual site of tonsillectomy?

Accepted Answer

Palatine tonsil

Question 19

A cancer cell spreads from the breast to the axillary lymph nodes. This process is best described as:

Accepted Answer

Lymphogenous metastasis

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the process of lymphocyte activation?

Accepted Answer

Lymphocytes are activated when presented with a specific antigen by a macrophage or dendritic cell, leading to proliferation and differentiation.

Lymphatic and Immune Systems: Structure and Function

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