Question 1

Which component of blood is responsible for transporting oxygen throughout the body, and what protein enables this function?

Accepted Answer

Erythrocytes; hemoglobin

Question 2

A patient with sickle cell anemia has abnormal red blood cells. What is the primary consequence of this abnormality?

Accepted Answer

Impaired oxygen transport to tissues

Question 3

Which blood cell type is most abundant in a healthy adult and is enucleated?

Accepted Answer

Erythrocytes

Question 4

What is the process called by which blood cells are produced in the red bone marrow?

Accepted Answer

Hematopoiesis

Question 5

Which plasma protein is primarily responsible for blood clotting?

Accepted Answer

Fibrinogen

Question 6

A person with type O blood is considered a universal donor. Why?

Accepted Answer

Type O blood lacks A and B markers, so it does not react with anti-A or anti-B antibodies

Question 7

Which white blood cell is most important for phagocytosis and is the most abundant type?

Accepted Answer

Neutrophil

Question 8

If a person is Rh-negative, which blood types can they safely receive?

Accepted Answer

Only Rh-negative blood

Question 9

What is the term for a decrease in the number of white blood cells?

Accepted Answer

Leukopenia

Question 10

Which blood cell initiates the blood clotting process and forms clusters at sites of vessel damage?

Accepted Answer

Platelet

Question 11

A patient with hemophilia is at risk for which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Failure of blood to clot due to lack of a clotting factor

Question 12

Which combining form means 'clot' and is used in terms like 'thrombolytic'?

Accepted Answer

thromb/o

Question 13

What is the approximate percentage of plasma in whole blood?

Accepted Answer

55%

Question 14

Which term describes a collection of blood under the skin due to damaged blood vessels?

Accepted Answer

Hematoma

Question 15

Which white blood cell releases histamine and heparin to damaged tissue?

Accepted Answer

Basophil

Question 16

A patient with a reduction in the number of red blood cells or hemoglobin is diagnosed with which condition?

Accepted Answer

Anemia

Question 17

Which term refers to the ratio of red blood cells to the total volume of blood?

Accepted Answer

Hematocrit

Question 18

What is the function of gamma globulins found in plasma?

Accepted Answer

Act as antibodies

Question 19

Which term describes a white blood cell without granules?

Accepted Answer

Agranulocyte

Question 20

A patient with excessive levels of lipids in the bloodstream is at risk for which condition?

Accepted Answer

Atherosclerosis

Blood and the Lymphatic and Immune Systems: Medical Terminology Study Guide

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