Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of the gastrointestinal (GI) system?

Accepted Answer

To absorb nutrients and excrete waste products

Question 2

A nurse is performing an abdominal assessment. In which order should the nurse perform the assessment techniques?

Accepted Answer

Inspection, auscultation, percussion, palpation

Question 3

A patient presents with black, tarry stools. Which condition should the nurse suspect?

Accepted Answer

Upper GI bleed

Question 4

Which of the following is a risk factor for constipation in hospitalized patients?

Accepted Answer

Immobility

Question 5

According to the Bristol Stool Chart, which type of stool is considered normal?

Accepted Answer

Type 4: Like a sausage or snake, smooth and soft

Question 6

A patient with a colostomy in the descending colon is most likely to have which type of stool?

Accepted Answer

Formed

Question 7

Which medication is classified as a bulk-forming laxative?

Accepted Answer

Psyllium

Question 8

A nurse is caring for a patient with severe diarrhea. Which nursing action is most important?

Accepted Answer

Monitor for dehydration and electrolyte imbalance

Question 9

Which finding during abdominal inspection would be considered abnormal and require further investigation?

Accepted Answer

Distended abdomen with visible bulge

Question 10

A patient is prescribed enteral nutrition via a nasogastric tube. Which of the following is a primary nursing consideration?

Accepted Answer

Monitor for signs of aspiration

Question 11

Which of the following is a sign of fecal impaction?

Accepted Answer

Frequent passage of small amounts of liquid stool

Question 12

A nurse is teaching a patient with an ileostomy about fluid requirements. Which statement is correct?

Accepted Answer

Fluid requirements are increased

Question 13

Which of the following is the most appropriate nursing intervention for a patient at risk for constipation due to opioid use?

Accepted Answer

Administer a stimulant laxative as prescribed

Question 14

A patient with a history of abdominal surgery presents with a bulge near the surgical scar when coughing. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Incisional hernia

Question 15

Which of the following findings is considered a GI red flag and requires immediate medical attention?

Accepted Answer

Bright red blood in stool

Question 16

A nurse is evaluating bowel sounds in a patient. Which finding indicates hypoactive bowel sounds?

Accepted Answer

Less than 5 sounds per minute

Question 17

Which of the following is a common cause of abnormal peristalsis in older adults?

Accepted Answer

Immobility

Question 18

A patient with a sigmoid colostomy asks about expected stool consistency. What is the correct response?

Accepted Answer

Stool will be formed

Question 19

Which of the following is a priority nursing action for a patient with severe abdominal distention and pain?

Accepted Answer

Notify the healthcare provider immediately

Question 20

A patient is prescribed loperamide for diarrhea. What is the mechanism of action of this medication?

Accepted Answer

Decreases intestinal motility

Digestive System and Elimination: Medical Terminology Study Guide

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