Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes the role of the human microbiome in health?

Accepted Answer

The microbiome is a group of microbes that live stably on/in the human body and help maintain good health.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of bacteria?

Accepted Answer

They contain a distinct nucleus surrounded by a nuclear membrane.

Question 3

Which scientist is credited with disproving the theory of spontaneous generation using S-shaped flasks?

Accepted Answer

Louis Pasteur

Question 4

Which of the following is the correct format for writing the scientific name of the bacterium that inhabits the large intestine?

Accepted Answer

$$Escherichia coli$$

Question 5

Which of the following statements about archaea is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Archaea often live in extreme environments such as hot springs and salt lakes.

Question 6

Which process is described as the microbial conversion of sugar to alcohol in the absence of air?

Accepted Answer

Fermentation

Question 7

Which of the following is a function of normal microbiota in the human body?

Accepted Answer

They prevent the growth of pathogenic microbes.

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a domain in the three-domain system of classification?

Accepted Answer

Protista

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why viruses are not classified as living organisms?

Accepted Answer

They cannot replicate outside a living host cell.

Question 10

Which of the following is an example of bioremediation?

Accepted Answer

Using bacteria to convert sewage into carbon dioxide and water.

Question 11

Which of the following statements about fungi is correct?

Accepted Answer

Fungi absorb organic chemicals for energy and have chitin cell walls.

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct pairing of a scientist and their contribution to microbiology?

Accepted Answer

Louis Pasteur – disproved spontaneous generation

Question 13

Which of the following is a real-world application of recombinant DNA technology?

Accepted Answer

Using genetically modified bacteria to produce human insulin.

Question 14

Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of protozoa?

Accepted Answer

They may be motile via pseudopods, cilia, or flagella.

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the process of pasteurization?

Accepted Answer

The application of a high heat for a short time to kill harmful bacteria in beverages.

Question 16

Which of the following is a reason why biofilms are medically significant?

Accepted Answer

Biofilms can cause infections and are often resistant to antibiotics.

Question 17

Which of the following is an example of an emerging infectious disease (EID)?

Accepted Answer

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct statement about Koch's postulates?

Accepted Answer

They are used to demonstrate that a specific microbe causes a specific disease.

Question 19

Which of the following is a function of algae in the environment?

Accepted Answer

They generate oxygen by photosynthesis.

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct statement about the scientific naming of microorganisms?

Accepted Answer

The genus is capitalized and the specific epithet is lowercase.

Chapter 1: The Microbial World and You – Study Notes

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