$$\frac{\text{bacterial cells}}{\text{human body cells}} = \frac{40 \text{ trillion}}{30 \text{ trillion}}$$

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a role of microbes in the environment?

Accepted Answer

Producing peptidoglycan in plant cell walls

Question 2

Which statement best describes the difference between normal microbiota and transient microbiota?

Accepted Answer

Normal microbiota colonize the body indefinitely, while transient microbiota colonize the body fleetingly.

Question 3

Which of the following groups of microorganisms are prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

Bacteria and Archaea

Question 4

What is the correct scientific nomenclature for the bacterium found in the large intestine?

Accepted Answer

Escherichia coli

Question 5

Which of the following statements about viruses is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Viruses are acellular and can only replicate inside a living host cell.

Question 6

Which equation best represents the ratio of bacterial cells to human body cells in an adult human?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{	ext{bacterial cells}}{	ext{human body cells}} = \frac{40 	ext{ trillion}}{30 	ext{ trillion}}$$

Question 7

Which of the following is a characteristic unique to Archaea?

Accepted Answer

Ability to live in extreme environments

Question 8

Which of the following is a correct application of the binomial nomenclature system?

Accepted Answer

The genus is capitalized and the species is lowercase

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a beneficial action of microbes?

Accepted Answer

Causing food spoilage

Question 10

Which of the following statements about the Human Microbiome Project is correct?

Accepted Answer

It aimed to determine the typical makeup of microbiota in various body areas.

Question 11

Which of the following is a correct description of fungi?

Accepted Answer

Fungi are eukaryotes with chitin cell walls.

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct statement about protozoa?

Accepted Answer

Protozoa may be motile via pseudopods, cilia, or flagella.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a domain in the three-domain system?

Accepted Answer

Fungi

Question 14

Which of the following statements about microbial cell structure is correct?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells have a distinct nucleus surrounded by a nuclear membrane.

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct example of a scientific name that honors a scientist?

Accepted Answer

Escherichia coli

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct statement about the role of microbes in the nitrogen cycle?

Accepted Answer

Microbes incorporate nitrogen gas from the air into organic compounds.

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct statement about microbial reproduction?

Accepted Answer

Bacteria divide via binary fission.

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct statement about the structure of algae?

Accepted Answer

Algae are eukaryotes with cellulose cell walls.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct statement about the scientific naming of microorganisms?

Accepted Answer

After the first use, scientific names may be abbreviated with the first letter of the genus and the specific epithet.

Chapter 1: The Microbial World and You – Study Notes

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