Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes the endosymbiotic theory for the origin of eukaryotic organelles?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic organelles originated from the fusion of two prokaryotic cells, with one cell engulfing the other and both surviving in a mutualistic relationship.

Question 2

Which evidence supports the endosymbiotic origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts?

Accepted Answer

Both mitochondria and chloroplasts contain circular DNA similar to that of bacteria.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic used to define a prokaryotic species?

Accepted Answer

Ability to undergo mitosis

Question 4

In the taxonomic hierarchy, which of the following sequences is correct from broadest to most specific?

Accepted Answer

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

Question 5

Which domain contains organisms that are known for living in extreme environments such as high temperature or high salinity?

Accepted Answer

Archaea

Question 6

Which of the following statements about viruses is correct?

Accepted Answer

Viruses are not classified within any of the three domains because they are not composed of cells.

Question 7

Which method would be LEAST useful for distinguishing between two closely related bacterial strains?

Accepted Answer

Morphological characteristics

Question 8

Which of the following best describes binomial nomenclature?

Accepted Answer

A system that assigns each organism a two-part Latin name consisting of the genus and specific epithet.

Question 9

Which of the following is a correct application of the scientific naming rules?

Accepted Answer

The genus name is capitalized and the species name is lowercase, both italicized: $$Escherichia~coli$$

Question 10

A scientist isolates a population of bacteria from a patient. All cells are genetically identical, but some show resistance to antibiotics. What is the best term for this group?

Accepted Answer

Strain

Question 11

Which of the following kingdoms contains organisms that are all multicellular, have cell walls of cellulose, and perform photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Plantae

Question 12

Which of the following is a limitation of using biochemical tests for bacterial identification?

Accepted Answer

Closely related species may have similar biochemical profiles, making differentiation difficult.

Question 13

Which of the following statements about Bergey’s Manual is correct?

Accepted Answer

It is a reference book used for the classification and identification of bacteria.

Question 14

Which of the following is a defining feature of the domain Bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Cell walls containing peptidoglycan

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why viruses are not included in the three-domain system of classification?

Accepted Answer

Viruses are not composed of cells and cannot carry out metabolism independently.

Question 16

A microbiologist is using differential staining to identify a bacterial sample. Which of the following is a limitation of this method?

Accepted Answer

Some bacteria do not stain well or at all with common stains.

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct order of taxonomic ranks from most inclusive to least inclusive?

Accepted Answer

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

Question 18

Which of the following is a real-world example of endosymbiosis observed today?

Accepted Answer

Cyanophora paradoxa containing a photosynthetic bacterium within its cytoplasm

Question 19

Which of the following statements about the classification of protists is correct?

Accepted Answer

Protista is a catchall kingdom for a variety of organisms that are not plants, animals, or fungi.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes a clone in microbiology?

Accepted Answer

A population of cells derived from a single parent cell

ch 10 Classification and Phylogeny of Microorganisms: Taxonomy, Domains, and Methods

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