$$\text{C}_6\text{H}_{12}\text{O}_6 \rightarrow 2\text{C}_2\text{H}_5\text{OH} + 2\text{CO}_2$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the microbiome in humans?

Accepted Answer

A group of microbes that live stably on or in the human body, contributing to health

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a beneficial activity performed by microorganisms?

Accepted Answer

Causing food spoilage

Question 3

What percentage of all cells in the human body are bacterial cells?

Accepted Answer

About 40%

Question 4

Which of the following statements about scientific nomenclature is correct?

Accepted Answer

The genus is capitalized and the specific epithet is lowercase

Question 5

Which group of microorganisms is characterized by the absence of peptidoglycan in their cell walls and often lives in extreme environments?

Accepted Answer

Archaea

Question 6

Which of the following is a eukaryotic microorganism that absorbs organic chemicals for energy and has chitin cell walls?

Accepted Answer

Fungi

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a domain in the three-domain system developed by Carl Woese?

Accepted Answer

Protista

Question 8

Pasteur’s experiment with S-shaped flasks disproved spontaneous generation by showing that:

Accepted Answer

Microorganisms are present in air and fluids, not from nonliving matter

Question 9

Which of the following best summarizes Koch’s postulates?

Accepted Answer

A set of steps to prove that a specific microbe causes a specific disease

Question 10

Which of the following is an example of biotechnology that uses recombinant DNA technology?

Accepted Answer

Production of insulin by genetically modified bacteria

Question 11

Which of the following is a real-world application of bioremediation?

Accepted Answer

Using bacteria to degrade oil spills

Question 12

Which of the following statements about biofilms is correct?

Accepted Answer

Biofilms are masses of microbes attached to solid surfaces and often resistant to antibiotics

Question 13

Which emerging infectious disease is transmitted by the bite of an infected Aedes mosquito and can cause severe birth defects?

Accepted Answer

Zika virus disease

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct definition of resistance in the context of microbiology?

Accepted Answer

The ability of the body to ward off disease

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of viruses?

Accepted Answer

Have chitin cell walls

Question 16

Which of the following equations best represents the microbial conversion of sugar to alcohol in fermentation?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{C}_6	ext{H}_{12}	ext{O}_6 ightarrow 2	ext{C}_2	ext{H}_5	ext{OH} + 2	ext{CO}_2$$

Question 17

Which of the following is a plausible reason for the emergence of infectious diseases?

Accepted Answer

Increased use of antibiotics leading to resistance

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the role of normal microbiota in human health?

Accepted Answer

They prevent growth of pathogens and produce growth factors

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct definition of molecular biology?

Accepted Answer

The study of how DNA directs protein synthesis

Question 20

Which of the following is a real-world example of insect pest control by microorganisms?

Accepted Answer

Using Bacillus thuringiensis to produce protein crystals toxic to insects

Microbiology: The Microbial World and You - Chapter 1 Study Notes

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