Question 1

Which of the following statements about binomial nomenclature is CORRECT?

Accepted Answer

The genus name is capitalized and the species name is lowercase; both are italicized when typed.

Question 2

A newly discovered microorganism is single-celled, lacks peptidoglycan in its cell wall, and thrives in extremely salty environments. According to the Three Domain System, to which domain does it most likely belong?

Accepted Answer

Archaea

Question 3

Which of the following is the correct hierarchical order from most inclusive to most exclusive in taxonomy?

Accepted Answer

Domain $$\rightarrow$$ Kingdom $$\rightarrow$$ Phylum $$\rightarrow$$ Class $$\rightarrow$$ Order $$\rightarrow$$ Family $$\rightarrow$$ Genus $$\rightarrow$$ Species

Question 4

A scientist is using a catalase test to identify a microorganism. Which identification method is she employing?

Accepted Answer

Metabolic differences (biochemical tests)

Question 5

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the cell walls of organisms in the domain Bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Their cell walls contain peptidoglycan.

Question 6

If a scientist abbreviates Bacillus subtilis as B. subtilis after the first mention, which rule of nomenclature is being followed?

Accepted Answer

The genus name can be abbreviated after the first mention.

Question 7

Which of the following methods would BEST determine the relatedness of two bacterial species at the genetic level?

Accepted Answer

DNA hybridization

Question 8

A microbiologist is comparing the sequence of 16S ribosomal nucleic acids between two organisms. What is the primary purpose of this analysis?

Accepted Answer

To assess the relatedness and evolutionary relationships between the organisms

Question 9

Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of Kingdom Fungi compared to Kingdom Plantae?

Accepted Answer

Fungi possess cell walls made of chitin.

Question 10

A laboratory technician observes a microorganism with variable shapes within a single species. What term best describes this phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

Pleomorphism

Question 11

Which of the following statements about Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology is CORRECT?

Accepted Answer

It is considered the reference text for all known species of bacteria.

Question 12

A researcher is using nucleic acid probes to identify a microorganism. What is she specifically detecting?

Accepted Answer

Unique nucleotide sequences present in a particular species

Question 13

Which of the following kingdoms contains organisms that are heterotrophic and lack cell walls?

Accepted Answer

Kingdom Animalia

Question 14

A scientist is comparing the G+C content of two bacterial species. If both have a G+C content of 60%, what can be inferred?

Accepted Answer

They may be related, but further analysis is needed to confirm species identity.

Question 15

Which of the following is a phenotypic method used for identification and classification of prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

Microscopic morphology

Question 16

Which of the following statements about the classification system is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

New categories may be created as new information is discovered.

Question 17

A microbiologist is analyzing the fatty acid composition of a cell membrane to identify a microorganism. Which identification method is being used?

Accepted Answer

Fatty acid analysis

Question 18

Which of the following is a characteristic of protozoa in Kingdom Protista?

Accepted Answer

They are heterotrophic and usually lack cell walls.

Question 19

A scientist is comparing all phenotypic characteristics of two species to determine the total number of similarities. Which method is she using?

Accepted Answer

Numerical taxonomy

Question 20

Which of the following is TRUE about the reproduction of organisms in the domains Bacteria and Archaea?

Accepted Answer

Both reproduce by binary fission.

Taxonomy and Classification in Microbiology

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