$$\text{AI} = 14\,\text{g fiber per 1000 kcal}$$

$$\text{Maltose} \xrightarrow{\text{maltase}} \text{Glucose} + \text{Glucose}$$

$$\text{Sucrose} \xrightarrow{\text{sucrase}} \text{Glucose} + \text{Fructose}$$

Question 1

Which enzyme is responsible for the initial breakdown of starch in the mouth during carbohydrate digestion?

Accepted Answer

Salivary amylase

Question 2

After eating pizza, which carbohydrate component is NOT digested by human enzymes but can be fermented by gut bacteria in the colon?

Accepted Answer

Fiber

Question 3

What is the main carbohydrate circulating in the bloodstream after absorption and processing in the liver?

Accepted Answer

Glucose

Question 4

Which formula represents the Adequate Intake (AI) for dietary fiber for adults?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{AI} = 14\,	ext{g fiber per 1000 kcal}$$

Question 5

Which of the following is a health benefit associated with soluble fiber?

Accepted Answer

Lowers LDL cholesterol

Question 6

Which enzyme is responsible for breaking down maltose into glucose molecules in the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

Maltase

Question 7

A patient with lactose intolerance lacks which enzyme, resulting in gastrointestinal symptoms after consuming dairy?

Accepted Answer

Lactase

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a fermentable fiber?

Accepted Answer

Cellulose

Question 9

What is the primary mechanism by which glucose is absorbed into enterocytes in the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Question 10

Which of the following statements about fiber is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Fiber increases stool bulk and speeds transit through the colon

Question 11

Which carbohydrate is broken down by sucrase at the brush border of the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

Sucrose

Question 12

Which of the following is a non-digestible carbohydrate found in the exoskeletons of arthropods and cell walls of fungi?

Accepted Answer

Chitin

Question 13

A person consumes a meal high in fiber but low in water. Which health issue are they most at risk for?

Accepted Answer

Constipation

Question 14

Which formula best describes the conversion of maltose to glucose?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Maltose} \xrightarrow{	ext{maltase}} 	ext{Glucose} + 	ext{Glucose}$$

Question 15

Which of the following is a prebiotic commonly added to foods to feed beneficial gut microbes?

Accepted Answer

Inulin

Question 16

Which process occurs in the colon with undigested carbohydrates, resulting in gas production?

Accepted Answer

Fermentation by gut bacteria

Question 17

Which of the following is a benefit of insoluble fiber?

Accepted Answer

Lowers risk of diverticulitis and hemorrhoids

Question 18

Which carbohydrate is converted to glucose in the liver after absorption?

Accepted Answer

Fructose

Question 19

Which equation best represents the breakdown of sucrose in the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Sucrose} \xrightarrow{	ext{sucrase}} 	ext{Glucose} + 	ext{Fructose}$$

Question 20

Which of the following foods is most likely to contain both soluble and insoluble fiber?

Accepted Answer

Steel cut oats

Carbohydrate Digestion, Absorption, and Dietary Fiber: A Comprehensive Study Guide

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