Q: Which of the following equations correctly represents the calculation for glycemic load (GL)?

$$GL = \text{Glycemic Index} \times \text{Amount of Carbohydrate}$$

Q: A person consumes a meal containing 50 grams of carbohydrate from a food with a glycemic index of 80. What is the glycemic load (GL) of this meal?

$$GL = \frac{80 \times 50}{100} = 40$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between soluble and insoluble fiber in terms of their health benefits?

Accepted Answer

Soluble fiber lowers cholesterol and blood glucose, while insoluble fiber increases stool bulk and relieves constipation.

Question 2

A patient presents with excessive thirst, frequent urination, and unexplained hunger. Blood tests reveal fasting blood glucose of 140 mg/dL and an A1C of 7.0%. What is the most likely diagnosis based on these values?

Accepted Answer

Diabetes mellitus

Question 3

Which of the following equations correctly represents the calculation for glycemic load (GL)?

Accepted Answer

$$GL = 	ext{Glycemic Index} 	imes 	ext{Amount of Carbohydrate}$$

Question 4

Which of the following foods would have the highest glycemic index and why?

Accepted Answer

White bread, because it is a refined carbohydrate that is rapidly digested.

Question 5

A person consumes a meal containing 50 grams of carbohydrate from a food with a glycemic index of 80. What is the glycemic load (GL) of this meal?

Accepted Answer

$$GL = \frac{80 	imes 50}{100} = 40$$

Question 6

Which of the following statements about diabetes is correct?

Accepted Answer

Type 1 diabetes requires daily insulin injections due to lack of insulin production.

Question 7

Which of the following is a correct recommendation for daily carbohydrate intake according to the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs)?

Accepted Answer

At least 130 grams per day

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why whole grains are recommended over refined grains?

Accepted Answer

Whole grains are higher in fiber and nutrients, reducing risk of chronic diseases.

Question 9

A person with lactose intolerance is unable to digest which disaccharide, and what enzyme is deficient?

Accepted Answer

Lactose; lactase

Question 10

Which hormone is responsible for lowering blood glucose levels after a carbohydrate-rich meal?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Question 11

Which of the following is a function of dietary fiber in the prevention of disease?

Accepted Answer

Reducing risk of diverticulosis and constipation

Question 12

Which of the following sugar substitutes is NOT digested and provides no kilocalories?

Accepted Answer

Sucralose

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the process of glycogenesis?

Accepted Answer

The synthesis of glycogen from glucose for storage

Question 14

Which of the following is a likely consequence of consuming excessive added sugars?

Accepted Answer

Increased risk of dental caries

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why physical activity is recommended for individuals with diabetes?

Accepted Answer

It increases insulin sensitivity and helps lower blood glucose.

Question 16

Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of type 2 diabetes compared to type 1 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Type 2 diabetes is characterized by insulin resistance, while type 1 is due to lack of insulin production.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the difference between natural sugars and added sugars?

Accepted Answer

Natural sugars are found in nutrient-dense foods, while added sugars are often empty calories.

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct statement about the digestion and absorption of carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

Glucose and galactose are absorbed by active transport, while fructose is absorbed by facilitated diffusion.

Question 19

A person consumes a diet high in refined carbohydrates and low in fiber. Which of the following health outcomes is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Increased risk of constipation and diverticulosis

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the role of insulin in carbohydrate metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Insulin facilitates the uptake of glucose into cells, lowering blood glucose levels.

Carbohydrates: Structure, Function, Digestion, and Health Implications

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