$$\Delta \text{Blood Glucose} = \text{Glucose Intake} - \text{Insulin Action}$$

$$\text{Fasting blood glucose} = 130 \text{ mg/dL}$$

Question 1

Which hormone is deficient or not effectively used in diabetes mellitus?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Question 2

A patient presents with high blood glucose, frequent urination, and is under 15 years old. Which type of diabetes is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Type 1 Diabetes

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the pathophysiology of Type 1 Diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells

Question 4

In Type 2 Diabetes, the pancreas compensates for insulin resistance by:

Accepted Answer

Increasing insulin production

Question 5

Which of the following is a major risk factor for developing Type 2 Diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Obesity

Question 6

A fasting blood glucose test yields a result of 130 mg/dL. According to the diagnostic criteria shown, this result indicates:

Accepted Answer

Diabetes

Question 7

Which of the following complications is NOT commonly associated with poorly controlled diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Liver cirrhosis

Question 8

A patient with Type 1 Diabetes forgets to take their insulin injection. What is the most likely immediate consequence?

Accepted Answer

Hyperglycemia

Question 9

Which of the following strategies is recommended for managing Type 2 Diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Losing weight and exercising more frequently

Question 10

Type 2 Diabetes is most commonly diagnosed in which age group?

Accepted Answer

Adults over age 45

Question 11

Which equation best represents the relationship between insulin and blood glucose regulation?

Accepted Answer

$$\Delta 	ext{Blood Glucose} = 	ext{Glucose Intake} - 	ext{Insulin Action}$$

Question 12

Which statement about the prevalence of diabetes is correct?

Accepted Answer

Over 10% of the US adult population suffers from diabetes

Question 13

A patient with Type 2 Diabetes is advised to monitor their blood glucose regularly. Which value would indicate poor glycemic control?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Fasting blood glucose} = 130 	ext{ mg/dL}$$

Question 14

Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of Type 1 Diabetes compared to Type 2 Diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Type 1 Diabetes requires insulin therapy from diagnosis

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why Type 2 Diabetes is often undiagnosed in early stages?

Accepted Answer

Symptoms are often mild or absent

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a recommended lifestyle modification for preventing Type 2 Diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Consuming foods with a high glycemic load

Question 17

A patient with Type 1 Diabetes is at risk for which acute complication if insulin is omitted?

Accepted Answer

Diabetic ketoacidosis

Question 18

Which of the following statements about insulin resistance is correct?

Accepted Answer

It leads to decreased effectiveness of insulin in lowering blood glucose

Question 19

Which of the following is a common misconception about diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Type 2 Diabetes only affects overweight individuals

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the difference in insulin production between Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Type 1: No insulin produced; Type 2: Insulin produced but not used effectively

Diabetes Mellitus: Types, Mechanisms, and Nutrition Implications

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