$$(30 \times 4) + (10 \times 9) + (20 \times 4) = 120 + 90 + 80 = 290$$ kcal

Question 1

Which of the following best describes positive energy balance?

Accepted Answer

Energy intake is greater than energy expended, resulting in weight gain.

Question 2

Which component typically accounts for the largest proportion of Total Daily Energy Expenditure (TDEE)?

Accepted Answer

Basal metabolic rate (BMR)

Question 3

A meal high in which macronutrient will have the greatest thermic effect of food (TEF)?

Accepted Answer

Protein

Question 4

Which method is considered the most accurate for assessing body composition?

Accepted Answer

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA)

Question 5

Calculate the energy provided by a meal containing 30g carbohydrate, 10g fat, and 20g protein. Use the physiological fuel values.

Accepted Answer

$$(30 	imes 4) + (10 	imes 9) + (20 	imes 4) = 120 + 90 + 80 = 290$$ kcal

Question 6

Which factor does NOT directly influence basal metabolic rate (BMR)?

Accepted Answer

Physical activity level

Question 7

A 25-year-old male has a waist circumference of 42 inches and a BMI of 24. What does this indicate?

Accepted Answer

He is at increased health risk due to central obesity.

Question 8

Which equation is commonly used to estimate resting metabolic rate (RMR)?

Accepted Answer

Harris-Benedict equation

Question 9

Which of the following statements about BMI is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

BMI may overestimate body fat in athletes with high muscle mass.

Question 10

Which type of fat is primarily responsible for generating heat in the body?

Accepted Answer

Brown adipose tissue (BAT)

Question 11

A person who consumes most of their daily kilocalories after the evening meal and wakes up to eat at night may be experiencing:

Accepted Answer

Night eating syndrome

Question 12

Which of the following is a health risk associated with being underweight?

Accepted Answer

Osteoporosis and bone fractures

Question 13

Which method of measuring energy expenditure involves assessing body heat loss in a metabolic chamber?

Accepted Answer

Direct calorimetry

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a criterion for diagnosing an eating disorder?

Accepted Answer

Having a BMI below 18.5

Question 15

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the thermic effect of food (TEF)?

Accepted Answer

TEF accounts for about 10% of total daily energy expenditure.

Question 16

Which body fat distribution pattern is associated with increased risk of heart disease and diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Android obesity

Question 17

A 35-year-old woman has 33% body fat. According to reference standards, she is considered:

Accepted Answer

Overfat

Question 18

Which of the following is a limitation of height and weight tables for estimating healthy body weight?

Accepted Answer

They do not represent the population as a whole.

Question 19

Which of the following is a recommended approach for treating eating disorders?

Accepted Answer

Multidisciplinary team including psychological, medical, and nutrition professionals

Question 20

Which equation is used to calculate Body Mass Index (BMI)?

Accepted Answer

$$BMI = \frac{weight (kg)}{height (m)^2$}$$

Energy Balance and Body Composition: Study Notes for Nutrition Students

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