Question 1

Which B-vitamin deficiency is most likely to occur in populations that consume polished rice as a staple food, and what is the classic disease associated with this deficiency?

Accepted Answer

Thiamin; Beriberi

Question 2

A patient presents with a swollen thyroid gland and symptoms of hypothyroidism. Which mineral deficiency is most likely responsible, and what is the condition called?

Accepted Answer

Iodine; Goiter

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the role of B-vitamins in energy metabolism?

Accepted Answer

They act as coenzymes, activating enzymes involved in ATP generation.

Question 4

A person consumes a diet high in raw egg whites and develops a red, scaly rash around the eyes, nose, and mouth. Which vitamin deficiency is most likely, and why?

Accepted Answer

Biotin; A protein in raw egg whites binds biotin, preventing absorption.

Question 5

Which of the following equations correctly expresses Body Mass Index (BMI)?

Accepted Answer

$$BMI = \frac{weight\ (kg)}{$$height^2$$\ (m^2$)}$$

Question 6

Which of the following is a limitation of using BMI as a measure of health risk?

Accepted Answer

BMI does not account for body composition or fat distribution.

Question 7

A 35-year-old woman has a waist circumference of 90 cm. According to the study materials, what does this indicate about her health risk?

Accepted Answer

She is at increased risk for chronic diseases due to abdominal obesity.

Question 8

Which metabolic pathway is responsible for the majority of ATP production in the presence of oxygen?

Accepted Answer

Citric acid cycle and electron transport chain

Question 9

Which mineral enhances the action of insulin and helps regulate blood glucose levels?

Accepted Answer

Chromium

Question 10

A patient with a BMI of 32 $$kg/m^2$$ and hypertension is seeking treatment for obesity. Which of the following is an evidence-based recommendation?

Accepted Answer

Consider prescription weight-loss medication in addition to diet and exercise.

Question 11

Which of the following statements about the thermic effect of food (TEF) is correct?

Accepted Answer

TEF accounts for 5-10% of daily energy expenditure.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor associated with android (apple-shaped) fat distribution?

Accepted Answer

Osteoporosis

Question 13

A patient is diagnosed with pellagra. Which vitamin deficiency is responsible, and what are the classic symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Niacin; diarrhea, dermatitis, dementia

Question 14

Which of the following is a recommended strategy for long-term weight loss maintenance?

Accepted Answer

Participate in regular physical activity (60-90 minutes, 5 days a week)

Question 15

Which of the following is a function of pantothenic acid in energy metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Component of all energy-producing pathways, especially fatty acid metabolism

Question 16

A person is following a very low-calorie diet (below 1200 kcal/day) for weight loss. What is a potential risk of this approach?

Accepted Answer

It may slow basal metabolic rate and make it difficult to meet essential nutrient needs.

Question 17

Which of the following is a key principle of mindful eating as a behavior modification technique?

Accepted Answer

Focus only on eating and savor each bite.

Question 18

Which of the following is a criterion for bariatric surgery eligibility?

Accepted Answer

BMI greater than 40, or BMI 35-40 with life-threatening conditions

Question 19

Which of the following statements about the effect of lean body mass (LBM) on basal metabolic rate (BMR) is correct?

Accepted Answer

Lower LBM results in a lower BMR.

Question 20

Which of the following is a common side effect of prescription weight-loss medications such as Xenical (Orlistat)?

Accepted Answer

Intestinal cramps, gas, diarrhea, and oily spotting

Energy Metabolism, B-Vitamins, Minerals, and Obesity: Structured Study Notes

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard