$$\text{Total kcal} = (\text{g carbs} \times 4) + (\text{g fat} \times 9) + (\text{g protein} \times 4)$$

$$(60 \times 4) + (80 \times 9) + (200 \times 4) = 1,660$$ kcal

Question 1

Which nutrient is the primary energy source for the human brain?

Accepted Answer

Glucose

Question 2

Which of the following is a recommended daily fiber intake for most American adults?

Accepted Answer

25-38 grams

Question 3

Which part of a whole grain contains the most fiber?

Accepted Answer

Bran

Question 4

What is the effect of glycerin on blood glucose levels after a meal?

Accepted Answer

It has little effect on blood glucose

Question 5

Diverticulosis is best prevented by which dietary strategy?

Accepted Answer

Increasing dietary fiber intake

Question 6

Which of the following is a disaccharide?

Accepted Answer

Sucrose

Question 7

What is the number one source of added sugar in the average American diet?

Accepted Answer

Sugar-sweetened beverages

Question 8

Which enzyme breaks down starch into maltose in the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

Pancreatic amylase

Question 9

Which hormone is released to lower blood glucose levels after eating?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Question 10

A patient with uncontrolled blood sugars is at risk for which of the following complications?

Accepted Answer

Neuropathy

Question 11

Which of the following is a healthy dietary fat compared to unhealthy dietary fats?

Accepted Answer

Monounsaturated fats

Question 12

Saturation in fats is defined by which chemical property?

Accepted Answer

Number of double bonds in the fatty acid chain

Question 13

Which of the following is a function of phospholipids in the body?

Accepted Answer

Cell membrane structure

Question 14

Which type of fat is most likely to increase blood LDL cholesterol levels?

Accepted Answer

Saturated fats

Question 15

Which equation correctly represents the calculation of energy from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Total kcal} = (	ext{g carbs} 	imes 4) + (	ext{g fat} 	imes 9) + (	ext{g protein} 	imes 4)$$

Question 16

Which process describes the conversion of amino acids into glucose?

Accepted Answer

Gluconeogenesis

Question 17

Which statement best describes a complete protein?

Accepted Answer

Contains all essential amino acids in adequate amounts

Question 18

Which of the following is an example of complementary plant-based protein sources?

Accepted Answer

Rice and beans

Question 19

Which enzyme is responsible for protein digestion in the stomach?

Accepted Answer

Pepsin

Question 20

A patient consumes 60g protein, 80g fat, and 200g carbohydrate in a day. What is their total caloric intake from these macronutrients?

Accepted Answer

$$(60 	imes 4) + (80 	imes 9) + (200 	imes 4) = 1,660$$ kcal

Key Concepts in Nutrition: Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins

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