Question 1

Which element is present in all amino acids but is NOT found in carbohydrates or fats?

Accepted Answer

Nitrogen

Question 2

What type of bond links individual amino acids together to form proteins?

Accepted Answer

Peptide bond

Question 3

How many essential amino acids must be obtained from the diet because the body cannot synthesize them?

Accepted Answer

9

Question 4

Which of the following best describes a complete protein?

Accepted Answer

Contains all essential amino acids in adequate amounts

Question 5

A person weighs 154 pounds. Using the recommended protein intake for an average adult ($$0.8\ \mathrm{g}$$ protein per kg body weight), how many grams of protein should they consume daily? (Round to the nearest whole number)

Accepted Answer

$$56\ \mathrm{g}$$

Question 6

Which of the following is a plant-based source of complete protein?

Accepted Answer

Soybeans

Question 7

What is the primary function of bile in fat digestion?

Accepted Answer

Emulsifies fats to increase surface area for enzyme action

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why olive oil is considered healthier than butter?

Accepted Answer

Olive oil is high in unsaturated fats, which can help lower LDL cholesterol

Question 9

Which lipoprotein is known as 'good cholesterol' and helps remove cholesterol from the bloodstream?

Accepted Answer

HDL

Question 10

A patient is diagnosed with kwashiorkor. Which of the following symptoms would you expect to observe?

Accepted Answer

Edema and swollen abdomen

Question 11

Which of the following is a controllable risk factor for heart disease?

Accepted Answer

Smoking

Question 12

What happens to excess dietary protein in the body?

Accepted Answer

It is converted to fat and stored

Question 13

Which of the following foods would best complement beans to provide all essential amino acids in a vegetarian diet?

Accepted Answer

Rice

Question 14

Which of the following statements about protein denaturation is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Denaturation alters the protein's structure but not its amino acid sequence

Question 15

Where does most fat digestion occur in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Small intestine

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the relationship between amino acids, peptides, and proteins?

Accepted Answer

Amino acids are linked by peptide bonds to form peptides, which combine to form proteins

Question 17

Which of the following is a key function of proteins in the body?

Accepted Answer

Acting as enzymes to speed up chemical reactions

Question 18

Which of the following foods is a rich source of omega-3 fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

Salmon

Question 19

A lacto-ovo vegetarian would exclude which of the following foods from their diet?

Accepted Answer

Fish

Question 20

Which of the following best explains how LDL contributes to atherosclerosis?

Accepted Answer

LDL deposits cholesterol in artery walls, leading to plaque formation

Proteins and Lipids: Structure, Function, and Health Implications

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