Question 1

Which of the following lists the six most abundant elements in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Sulfur

Question 2

Which of the following best describes an isomer?

Accepted Answer

Molecules with the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements

Question 3

Which functional group is represented by the formula $$\mathrm{–COOH}$$?

Accepted Answer

Carboxyl group

Question 4

What is the main difference between organic and inorganic compounds?

Accepted Answer

Organic compounds always contain carbon-hydrogen bonds, while inorganic compounds do not necessarily contain carbon.

Question 5

Which reaction is responsible for joining two monomers to form a polymer, and what is released during this process?

Accepted Answer

Dehydration synthesis; water is released

Question 6

A student is analyzing a molecule with the formula $$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$}. $$Which class of biomolecule does this most likely represent?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrate

Question 7

Which of the following is a correct pairing of a biomolecule class with its monomer?

Accepted Answer

Proteins – amino acids

Question 8

During digestion, which type of reaction breaks down polymers into monomers?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis

Question 9

Which functional group is found in ATP and is important for energy transfer in cells?

Accepted Answer

Phosphate group

Question 10

A molecule contains both an amino group ($$\mathrm{–NH_2$}) $$and a carboxyl group ($$\mathrm{–COOH}). $$This molecule is most likely:

Accepted Answer

An amino acid

Question 11

Which of the following best defines a polymer?

Accepted Answer

A large molecule made up of repeating monomer units

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a major class of biomolecules?

Accepted Answer

Vitamins

Question 13

Which of the following best describes a dehydration synthesis reaction?

Accepted Answer

A reaction that joins two molecules by removing a molecule of water

Question 14

Which of the following is an example of an inorganic compound?

Accepted Answer

Sodium chloride ($$\mathrm{NaCl})$$

Question 15

Which functional group is present in all alcohols?

Accepted Answer

Hydroxyl group ($$\mathrm{–OH})$$

Question 16

A patient is unable to digest starch into glucose. Which type of chemical reaction is most likely impaired?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis

Question 17

Which of the following best describes an atom?

Accepted Answer

The smallest unit of an element that retains its properties

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct example of a compound?

Accepted Answer

Water ($$\mathrm{H_2O})$$

Question 19

Which of the following statements about isomers is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Isomers have the same molecular formula but different structures and properties

Question 20

A student mixes two amino acids and observes the formation of a peptide bond. Which type of reaction has occurred, and what is the byproduct?

Accepted Answer

Dehydration synthesis; water

Study Guide: Introduction to Biomolecules – Step-by-Step Guidance

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