Q: A food label states that a serving contains 9 grams of fat. How many kilocalories does this fat contribute to the total energy content of the serving?

$$ 9\ g \times 9\ kcal/g = 81\ kcal $$

Q: Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating the energy provided by a meal containing 50g carbohydrate, 20g protein, and 10g fat?

$$ (50 \times 4) + (20 \times 4) + (10 \times 9) = 200 + 80 + 90 = 370\ kcal $$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of carbohydrates in human nutrition?

Accepted Answer

To provide the main source of energy for the body

Question 2

A patient is following a diet that is severely deficient in protein. Which of the following symptoms is most likely to develop as a result?

Accepted Answer

Edema due to decreased plasma oncotic pressure

Question 3

Which of the following equations correctly represents the calculation of Body Mass Index (BMI)?

Accepted Answer

$$ BMI = \frac{weight\ (kg)}{[height\ (m)]^2} $$

Question 4

Which of the following nutrients is most directly involved in the formation of hemoglobin and prevention of anemia?

Accepted Answer

Iron

Question 5

A food label states that a serving contains 9 grams of fat. How many kilocalories does this fat contribute to the total energy content of the serving?

Accepted Answer

$$ 9\ g 	imes 9\ kcal/g = 81\ kcal $$

Question 6

Which of the following statements best explains why water is considered an essential nutrient?

Accepted Answer

It is required for all metabolic reactions and cannot be synthesized in sufficient amounts by the body.

Question 7

A patient consumes 2,000 kcal per day. According to the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR), what is the recommended range of calories from carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

$$ 900\ kcal\ to\ 1,300\ kcal $$

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the role of dietary fiber in human health?

Accepted Answer

It promotes regular bowel movements and may reduce the risk of colon cancer.

Question 9

Which of the following is a major function of vitamin D in the body?

Accepted Answer

Enhancing calcium absorption in the intestines

Question 10

A 25-year-old athlete wants to increase muscle mass. Which macronutrient should be emphasized in his diet to support muscle protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Protein

Question 11

Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating the energy provided by a meal containing 50g carbohydrate, 20g protein, and 10g fat?

Accepted Answer

$$ (50 	imes 4) + (20 	imes 4) + (10 	imes 9) = 200 + 80 + 90 = 370\ kcal $$

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the difference between fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins?

Accepted Answer

Fat-soluble vitamins are stored in body tissues, while water-soluble vitamins are excreted in urine.

Question 13

A patient presents with symptoms of fatigue, pallor, and spoon-shaped nails. Which nutrient deficiency is most likely responsible?

Accepted Answer

Iron

Question 14

Which of the following is a key function of dietary lipids?

Accepted Answer

Providing essential fatty acids and aiding in the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why nutrition recommendations are often given as ranges (e.g., AMDR) rather than fixed values?

Accepted Answer

Individual energy and nutrient needs vary based on age, sex, activity level, and health status.

Question 16

A person consumes 70g of protein in a day. If the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for protein is 0.8g/kg body weight, what is the minimum body weight (in kg) for which this intake meets the RDA?

Accepted Answer

$$ \frac{70\ g}{0.8\ g/kg} = 87.5\ kg $$

Question 17

Which of the following is the most accurate method for assessing an individual's dietary intake over the past year?

Accepted Answer

Food frequency questionnaire

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the role of enzymes in digestion?

Accepted Answer

They catalyze the breakdown of macronutrients into absorbable units.

Question 19

A patient with lactose intolerance is unable to digest which of the following disaccharides?

Accepted Answer

Lactose

Question 20

Which of the following is a primary reason for including a variety of foods from all food groups in the diet?

Accepted Answer

To ensure adequate intake of all essential nutrients

Syllabus Overview: Principles of Human Nutrition

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard