Question 1

Which phase of the eukaryotic cell cycle is responsible for DNA replication, resulting in two sister chromatids per chromosome?

Accepted Answer

S phase

Question 2

During mitosis, what is the primary function of the spindle apparatus?

Accepted Answer

To separate sister chromatids

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the difference between mitosis and cytokinesis?

Accepted Answer

Mitosis divides the nucleus, while cytokinesis divides the cytoplasm

Question 4

What is the role of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) in the cell cycle?

Accepted Answer

They promote mitosis by phosphorylating target proteins

Question 5

Which cell cycle checkpoint ensures that DNA is fully replicated before mitosis begins?

Accepted Answer

G2 checkpoint

Question 6

How does uncontrolled mitosis contribute to cancer development?

Accepted Answer

It results in the formation of tumors due to unchecked cell division

Question 7

Which structure is responsible for organizing the spindle fibers during mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Centrosome

Question 8

In prokaryotic cells, which process is used for cell division?

Accepted Answer

Binary fission

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a structure that a pre-existing cell must provide to a new cell according to cell theory?

Accepted Answer

Antibodies

Question 10

During which phase of the cell cycle are microtubules built in preparation for mitosis?

Accepted Answer

G2 phase

Question 11

Which of the following statements about DNA replication is correct?

Accepted Answer

DNA replication only occurs when a cell needs to divide

Question 12

What is the function of the kinetochore during mitosis?

Accepted Answer

It attaches spindle fibers to the centromere

Question 13

Which phase of the cell cycle is characterized by normal cellular function and growth?

Accepted Answer

G1 phase

Question 14

What is the main difference between mitosis and meiosis in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Meiosis reduces the original DNA by half in new cells, while mitosis maintains the original DNA content

Question 15

Which of the following events occurs during the S phase of the cell cycle?

Accepted Answer

DNA replication

Question 16

A mutation disables the G2 checkpoint in a cell. What is the most likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

Cells may enter mitosis with unreplicated or damaged DNA

Question 17

Which of the following is a real-world example of cell division used for regeneration?

Accepted Answer

Lizard regrowing its tail

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the relationship between cell cycle checkpoints and cancer?

Accepted Answer

Checkpoints prevent cancer by ensuring damaged cells do not divide

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a function of mitosis in multicellular organisms?

Accepted Answer

Reduction of DNA content by half

Question 20

Which equation best represents the DNA content change during mitosis in a diploid cell?

Accepted Answer

$$2n \rightarrow 4n \rightarrow 2n$$

Cell Cycle, DNA Replication, and Mitosis: Structured Study Notes

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