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Organic Chemistry Exam Study Guide: Mechanisms, Structures, and Concepts

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Aldol Condensation

  • General Features
    11:07

Resonance Structures

  • How to draw a resonance hybrid.
    03:24
  • The rules you need for resonance:
    03:34
  • How to determine which structure is most stable.
    01:32

Reaction Mechanism

  • How to tell if charged molecules will react as nucleophiles or electrophiles.
    02:39
  • Nucleophile or Electrophile
    01:49
  • How to tell if uncharged molecules will react as nucleophiles or electrophiles.
    02:48

Hybridization

  • How carbon creates 4 partially-filled orbitals.
    02:53
  • Bond sites, hybridization, and intermediate orbitals
    04:58
  • Introduction to the reactive intermediates.
    02:47

Molecular Geometry

  • Predict the hybridization and molecular geometry
    01:54
  • Molecular Geometry Explained.
    07:44

Cahn-Ingold-Prelog Nomenclature

  • R and S Naming- Step 4
    03:07
  • Why stereoisomers need their own naming system.
    01:48
  • Determining Priorities
    01:19

Fischer Projection

  • Introduction to different projections.
    01:15
  • How to convert Fischer projections into bondline structures
    05:45
  • Convert the following Fischer projection into bondline structure.
    03:38

Monosaccharides – Drawing Fischer Projections

  • Monosaccharides - Drawing Fischer Projections
    09:56

Monosaccharides – Haworth Projections

  • Monosaccharides - Haworth Projections
    04:03

Monosaccharides – Cyclization

  • Monosaccharides - Cyclization
    12:58

Optical Activity

  • Specific rotation vs. observed rotation.
    05:43

Types of Stereoisomers

  • Determine total number of stereoisomers
    00:49
  • How to predict the total number of stereoisomers.
    01:03
  • Draw stereoisomers and determine relationship
    07:41

Acid and Base Definitions

  • Lewis vs. Bronsted-Lowry Definition
    07:46
  • The Bronsted-Lowry definition of acids and bases.
    00:54
  • Equilibrium constant and conjugates.
    02:11

pKa Values

  • Identifying pKa values
    07:45
  • The 12 pKa values you want to memorize (because they are important!).
    09:36

Factors Affecting Acidity

  • Which of the oxides is the most basic?
    00:30
  • The 3 factors that determine the strength of inductive effects.
    03:09
  • Using Inductive Effect to determine acidity
    01:54

Functional Groups

  • Assigning Degrees to Alkyl Halides
    01:30
  • Why we need functional groups.
    01:49
  • The difference between aldehydes and ketones.
    03:08

Nucleophilic Addition

  • Nucleophilic Addition
    08:27

Primary Protein Structure

  • Percorso guidato
    Primary Protein Structure Example 1
    1:11
  • Percorso guidato
    Primary Protein Structure Concept 1
    2:18

Secondary Protein Structure

  • Percorso guidato
    Beta-Pleated Sheet Concept 4
    2:42
  • Percorso guidato
    Secondary Protein Structure Example 4
    1:09
  • Percorso guidato
    Secondary Protein Structure Example 3
    0:56

Disulfide Bonds

  • Percorso guidato
    Disulfide Bonds Concept 2
    1:34
  • Percorso guidato
    Disulfide Bonds Concept 1
    2:01
  • Percorso guidato
    Disulfide Bonds Example 1
    1:54