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Organic Chemistry Final Exam Study Guide: Key Topics and Concepts

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Bonding Preferences

  • What is the difference between valence and octet electrons?
    02:04
  • Understanding the hydrogen isotopes.
    08:32
  • What is a valence electron?
    02:14

Molecular Geometry

  • Predict the hybridization and molecular geometry
    01:54
  • Molecular Geometry Explained.
    07:44

Hybridization

  • How carbon creates 4 partially-filled orbitals.
    02:53
  • Bond sites, hybridization, and intermediate orbitals
    04:58
  • Introduction to the reactive intermediates.
    02:47

Resonance Structures

  • How to draw a resonance hybrid.
    03:24
  • The rules you need for resonance:
    03:34
  • How to determine which structure is most stable.
    01:32

Newman Projections – Conformational Energy

  • How to draw a Newman Projection Energy Diagram.
    07:27
  • How sigma bond rotation is visualized
    03:11
  • The energy states of 3 different Newman Projections.
    03:51

Conformations

  • Understanding what a conformer is.
    03:29

Alkane Nomenclature

  • Naming the root chain
    01:02
  • Provide the IUPAC name for the following alkane
    07:08
  • The different parts of an IUPAC name
    03:43

Cis vs Trans

  • Why we need to use the E/Z naming system
    02:07
  • What does E and Z stand for?
    00:50
  • How to name different types of double bonds or rings
    04:28

Acid and Base Definitions

  • Lewis vs. Bronsted-Lowry Definition
    07:46
  • The Bronsted-Lowry definition of acids and bases.
    00:54
  • Equilibrium constant and conjugates.
    02:11

pKa Values

  • Identifying pKa values
    07:45
  • The 12 pKa values you want to memorize (because they are important!).
    09:36

Factors Affecting Acidity

  • Which of the oxides is the most basic?
    00:30
  • The 3 factors that determine the strength of inductive effects.
    03:09
  • Using Inductive Effect to determine acidity
    01:54

Substitution Comparison

  • How do we predict if the mechanism is SN1 or SN2?
    03:32

The SN1 Mechanism

  • Drawing the SN1 Mechanism
    10:49
  • Why highly substituted leaving groups favor SN1.
    01:13
  • Understanding the properties of SN1.
    08:16

The SN2 Mechanism

  • Ranking reactivity toward SN2
    04:03
  • Drawing the SN2 Mechanism
    08:33
  • Understanding the properties of SN2.
    11:57

The E1 Mechanism

  • Understanding the properties of E1.
    03:32
  • Drawing the E1 Mechanism.
    08:09

E2 Mechanism

  • Understanding the properties of E2.
    04:42
  • Drawing the E2 Mechanism.
    09:36
  • Rank reactivity toward E2
    02:03

Leaving Groups

  • Predict the best leaving group
    00:50
  • Predict the best leaving group
    01:12
  • Predict the best leaving group
    00:36

Nucleophiles and Basicity

  • Understanding the difference between basicity and nucleophilicity.
    06:21

Overview of Chemical Reactions

  • Recognizing Substitution Reactions.
    01:34
  • Recognizing Acid-Base Reactions.
    02:43
  • Recognizing Elimination Reactions.
    00:40

Reaction Mechanism

  • How to tell if charged molecules will react as nucleophiles or electrophiles.
    02:39
  • Nucleophile or Electrophile
    01:49
  • How to tell if uncharged molecules will react as nucleophiles or electrophiles.
    02:48

1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance - General Features

  • General NMR Features
    10:06