Question 1

Which of the following carboxylic acid derivatives is most reactive toward nucleophilic acyl substitution?

Accepted Answer

Acid chloride

Question 2

Which of the following structures represents a mixed anhydride?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{CH_3COOC(O)CH_2CH_3}$$

Question 3

Predict the major organic product when benzaldehyde reacts with methylamine under acidic conditions.

Accepted Answer

An imine (Schiff base)

Question 4

Which reagent is necessary to convert a carboxylic acid to an acid chloride?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{$$SOCl_2$$}$$

Question 5

A peptide contains the amino acid lysine (side chain pKa = 10.5). What is the overall charge of lysine at pH 12?

Accepted Answer

-1

Question 6

Which of the following statements about the acidity of β-dicarbonyl compounds is correct?

Accepted Answer

They are more acidic than simple ketones due to resonance stabilization of the enolate.

Question 7

Which Fischer projection represents D-glucose?

Accepted Answer

The one with the hydroxyl group on the right at C-5

Question 8

Which of the following is true about the formation of sugar acetals?

Accepted Answer

They are formed when a hemiacetal reacts with an alcohol under acidic conditions.

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the stereochemistry of naturally occurring amino acids in proteins?

Accepted Answer

They are L-enantiomers.

Question 10

Which of the following statements about the melting points of fatty acids is correct?

Accepted Answer

Saturated fatty acids have higher melting points than unsaturated fatty acids of the same length.

Question 11

Which of the following is a terpene?

Accepted Answer

Limonene

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the product of saponification of a triglyceride?

Accepted Answer

Glycerol and soap (fatty acid salts)

Question 13

Which of the following reactions would produce a secondary alcohol using a Grignard reagent?

Accepted Answer

Reaction of a Grignard reagent with an aldehyde

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the product of an aldol condensation between acetaldehyde and itself, followed by heating?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{CH_3CH=CHCHO} ($$crotonaldehyde)

Question 15

Which of the following statements about the optical activity of sugars is correct?

Accepted Answer

A sugar's D or L designation does not predict the direction of optical rotation.

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the structure of a lipid?

Accepted Answer

A molecule with long hydrocarbon chains and a polar head group

Question 17

Which of the following is true about the secondary structure of proteins?

Accepted Answer

It is stabilized by hydrogen bonds between backbone amide groups.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the product when an acetal is hydrolyzed under acidic conditions?

Accepted Answer

The corresponding carbonyl compound and alcohol(s)

Question 19

Which of the following statements about the general properties of sugars is correct?

Accepted Answer

Monosaccharides are highly soluble in water due to their multiple hydroxyl groups.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the charge of glycine at pH 7 (pKa values: carboxyl = 2.3, amino = 9.6)?

Accepted Answer

0 (zwitterion)

Organic Chemistry II: Final Exam Study Guide Overview

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