Question 1

Which of the following best describes symmetrical bond-breaking in organic reaction mechanisms?

Accepted Answer

One bonding electron stays with each atom, forming radicals.

Question 2

In the reaction between ethylene ($$CH_2$$=$$CH_2) $$and hydrogen chloride ($$HCl$$), which species acts as the nucleophile?

Accepted Answer

Ethylene ($$CH_2$$=$$CH_2)$$

Question 3

Which statement correctly describes unsymmetrical bond-making (polar) in reaction mechanisms?

Accepted Answer

Two bonding electrons are donated by one atom.

Question 4

Consider the reaction: $$A^+ + :B^- \rightarrow A:B. $$What does the curved arrow represent in this mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Movement of electrons from $$:B^- to$$ $$A^+.$$

Question 5

Which of the following molecules would be expected to have a partial negative charge ($$\delta^-) on $$the halogen atom?

Accepted Answer

Chloromethane ($$CH_3Cl)$$

Question 6

In the context of reaction mechanisms, which species is typically electron-rich and donates electrons?

Accepted Answer

Nucleophile

Question 7

Which of the following is an example of unsymmetrical bond-breaking (polar) in organic chemistry?

Accepted Answer

$$A^+ + :B^-$$

Question 8

Given the molecule methyllithium ($$CH_3Li$$), which atom is expected to have a partial positive charge ($$\delta^+$$)?

Accepted Answer

Lithium

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the role of a nucleophile in a reaction mechanism?

Accepted Answer

It donates electrons to an electrophile.

Question 10

In the reaction mechanism shown, what is the product when an electron-rich nucleophile reacts with an electron-poor electrophile?

Accepted Answer

A covalent bond between the two species

Question 11

Which of the following is true regarding the movement of electrons in a polar reaction mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Electrons move from the nucleophile to the electrophile.

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why the carbon atom in chloromethane ($$CH_3Cl) is $$partially positive ($$\delta^+$$)?

Accepted Answer

Chlorine is more electronegative and pulls electron density away from carbon.

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct representation of symmetrical bond-making (radical) in organic chemistry?

Accepted Answer

$$A^\cdot + \cdot B \rightarrow A:B$$

Question 14

In the reaction between ethylene and hydrogen chloride, what is the product formed?

Accepted Answer

Chloroethane ($$CH_3CH_2Cl)$$

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the electron movement in the formation of a covalent bond between $$A^+$$ and $$:B^-$$?

Accepted Answer

Electrons move from $$:B^- to$$ $$A^+.$$

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a feature of a nucleophile?

Accepted Answer

Electron-poor

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the difference between symmetrical and unsymmetrical bond-breaking?

Accepted Answer

Symmetrical bond-breaking forms radicals, unsymmetrical forms ions.

Question 18

In the context of reaction mechanisms, which of the following is most likely to act as an electrophile?

Accepted Answer

A species with a positive charge or electron deficiency

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct example of a nucleophile attacking an electrophile?

Accepted Answer

$$:B^- + A^+ \rightarrow A:B$$

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the electron movement in the reaction between a nucleophile and an electrophile?

Accepted Answer

Electrons move from the nucleophile to the electrophile.

Organic Reaction Mechanisms: Bond Breaking, Bond Making, and Electron Flow

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