Question 1

Which of the following carbonyl compounds is the most reactive toward nucleophilic addition?

Accepted Answer

Acyl chloride

Question 2

A chemist wants to selectively reduce an ester to a primary alcohol without affecting an aldehyde present in the same molecule. Which reagent should be used?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{$$LiAlH_4$$}$$

Question 3

Which of the following best describes a chemoselective reaction?

Accepted Answer

A reaction in which a reagent reacts with one functional group in preference to another

Question 4

What is the product when a Grignard reagent ($$\mathrm{RMgBr}) $$reacts with an ester followed by aqueous workup?

Accepted Answer

A tertiary alcohol

Question 5

Which of the following statements about the reduction of amides with $$\mathrm{$$LiAlH_4$$} is $$correct?

Accepted Answer

Unsubstituted amides produce primary amines

Question 6

Which of the following is the correct order of reactivity toward nucleophilic acyl substitution (most to least reactive)?

Accepted Answer

Acyl chloride \u003e Anhydride \u003e Aldehyde \u003e Ketone \u003e Ester \u003e Carboxylic acid \u003e Amide \u003e Carboxylate ion

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why two equivalents of Grignard reagent are required to convert an ester to a tertiary alcohol?

Accepted Answer

The first equivalent forms a ketone, which reacts with the second equivalent to form the alcohol

Question 8

Which of the following is a protecting group commonly used for alcohols in multi-step organic synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Acetal

Question 9

In the Baeyer-Villiger oxidation, what is the main transformation that occurs?

Accepted Answer

A ketone is converted to an ester

Question 10

Which of the following statements about imine formation is correct?

Accepted Answer

The rate of imine formation is pH dependent

Question 11

A chemist wants to reduce a carboxylic acid to a primary alcohol. Which reagent should be used?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{$$LiAlH_4$$}$$

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a Class I carbonyl compound?

Accepted Answer

Ketone

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the mechanism of acetal formation from an aldehyde?

Accepted Answer

Nucleophilic addition followed by elimination

Question 14

Which reagent is more selective for reducing aldehydes and ketones but not esters or carboxylic acids?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{$$NaBH_4$$}$$

Question 15

Which of the following is a real-world application of protecting groups in organic synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Selective reduction of one functional group in the presence of another

Question 16

Which of the following statements about nucleophilic addition to carbonyl compounds is correct?

Accepted Answer

The reaction is irreversible when the nucleophile is a strong base

Question 17

Which of the following is the product of the Wittig reaction?

Accepted Answer

An alkene

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the difference between thermodynamic and kinetic control in carbonyl chemistry?

Accepted Answer

Thermodynamic control gives the most stable product, kinetic control gives the fastest product

Reactions of Aldehydes, Ketones, and Carboxylic Acid Derivatives

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