Question 1

Which type of anemia is most likely to occur in individuals who have undergone stomach surgery or follow a diet lacking vitamin B12?

Accepted Answer

Pernicious anemia

Question 2

A vegetarian athlete complains of fatigue and poor endurance during training. Blood tests reveal low hemoglobin and hematocrit levels. Which is the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

Diet-induced iron-deficiency anemia

Question 3

Which of the following statements about iron in the diet is correct?

Accepted Answer

Redder meat or fish contains more iron.

Question 4

A gymnast who restricts food intake to maintain body composition is at increased risk for which type of anemia?

Accepted Answer

Iron-deficiency anemia

Question 5

Which of the following is a genetically inherited form of anemia?

Accepted Answer

Sickle cell anemia

Question 6

Aplastic anemia is most commonly associated with which of the following causes?

Accepted Answer

Exposure to bad chemicals

Question 7

Which laboratory findings are most indicative of anemia affecting endurance performance?

Accepted Answer

Low hematocrit and low hemoglobin

Question 8

Which equation best represents the relationship between hemoglobin and oxygen transport in the blood?

Accepted Answer

$$Hb + O_2$ \rightarrow $$HbO_2$$

Question 9

Which population is at highest risk for iron-deficiency anemia based on dietary habits?

Accepted Answer

Vegetarians and vegans

Question 10

A patient presents with fatigue and low endurance. Lab results show low hemoglobin and hematocrit. Which physiological mechanism best explains their symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Reduced oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a common cause of anemia?

Accepted Answer

Excessive iron intake

Question 12

Which protein is responsible for oxygen storage in muscle tissue?

Accepted Answer

Myoglobin

Question 13

A wrestler is found to have low iron levels due to dietary restrictions. Which of the following interventions would be most effective?

Accepted Answer

Increase intake of red meat and fish

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the role of heme in hemoglobin?

Accepted Answer

It provides the iron atom necessary for oxygen binding.

Question 15

Which equation represents the formation of heme from iron?

Accepted Answer

$$Fe + protoporphyrin \rightarrow heme$$

Question 16

A patient with pernicious anemia is most likely to benefit from which of the following treatments?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin B12 injections

Question 17

Which of the following is a symptom commonly associated with all types of anemia?

Accepted Answer

Fatigue

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why endurance athletes are at risk for iron-deficiency anemia?

Accepted Answer

They have increased iron loss due to sweating and dietary restrictions.

Question 19

Which of the following is the correct sequence for the synthesis of hemoglobin?

Accepted Answer

$$Fe \rightarrow heme \rightarrow hemoglobin$$

Question 20

A vegan patient presents with symptoms of anemia. Which dietary advice would be most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Increase intake of leafy green vegetables and consider iron supplements.

Anemias and Iron in Biological Psychology

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