Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of neurons in the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

They transmit information in the form of electrical signals called action potentials.

Question 2

What is the role of glial cells in the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

They act as bodyguards, feeding and protecting neurons, and producing myelin.

Question 3

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is primarily caused by which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Loss of myelin sheath produced by glial cells, leading to erratic neural signals.

Question 4

During the resting potential of a neuron, which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

The neuron is polarized, with a negative charge inside and positive charge outside.

Question 5

Which step in the firing of a neuron involves the outflow of potassium ions ($$K^+) to $$repolarize the axon?

Accepted Answer

Step 3: Repolarization

Question 6

The 'all-or-none law' in neural firing states that:

Accepted Answer

A neuron either fires completely or not at all, regardless of stimulus strength.

Question 7

Which of the following best explains the process of reuptake in neurotransmission?

Accepted Answer

Neurotransmitters are recycled by being taken back into the presynaptic neuron.

Question 8

A drug that mimics or enhances the effect of a neurotransmitter is called a(n):

Accepted Answer

Agonist

Question 9

Which neurotransmitter is primarily associated with pleasure, reward, and voluntary movement, and is implicated in both Parkinson's disease and schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

Dopamine

Question 10

If a patient is experiencing memory loss due to the destruction of neurons containing acetylcholine, which condition are they most likely suffering from?

Accepted Answer

Alzheimer's disease

Question 11

Which neurotransmitter is excitatory, increases the chance neurons will communicate, and is associated with learning and memory?

Accepted Answer

Glutamate

Question 12

A patient is prescribed an SSRI for depression. What is the primary mechanism of action for this medication?

Accepted Answer

It blocks the reuptake of serotonin, increasing its availability in the synapse.

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the function of the myelin sheath?

Accepted Answer

It insulates axons, increasing the speed and efficiency of electrical signal transmission.

Question 14

What is the primary function of dendrites in a neuron?

Accepted Answer

To receive information from other neurons.

Question 15

Which of the following statements about excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters is correct?

Accepted Answer

Inhibitory neurotransmitters make it less likely a neuron will fire.

Question 16

A patient with a deficit in dopamine is most likely to exhibit symptoms of which disorder?

Accepted Answer

Parkinson's disease

Question 17

Which process occurs immediately after the action potential travels down the axon?

Accepted Answer

Neurotransmitters are released into the synapse.

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why cocaine produces prolonged effects in the brain?

Accepted Answer

It blocks the reuptake of neurotransmitters, prolonging their effect in the synapse.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct sequence of events in neural firing?

Accepted Answer

Resting potential → Depolarization → Action potential → Repolarization → Refractory period

Question 20

If a neuron is in its refractory period, which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

It cannot fire again, regardless of the strength of the stimulus.

Biological Psychology: Neurons, Glial Cells, and Neural Communication

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

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