Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between homeostasis and allostasis in the regulation of hunger?

Accepted Answer

Homeostasis maintains internal balance by responding to current needs, while allostasis anticipates future needs based on stress and prepares the body accordingly.

Question 2

A patient with damage to the ventromedial hypothalamus is MOST likely to experience which of the following outcomes?

Accepted Answer

Increased food intake leading to obesity due to the inability to signal satiety.

Question 3

Which neurotransmitter is released in response to both the taste and digestion of high-energy foods, contributing to the pleasure and reinforcement of eating?

Accepted Answer

Dopamine

Question 4

A person consistently eats more when served larger portions, regardless of hunger. This behavior is BEST explained by which cognitive factor?

Accepted Answer

Unit bias

Question 5

Which of the following scenarios BEST illustrates the concept of social facilitation in eating behavior?

Accepted Answer

Eating more food at a family gathering because the host encourages second helpings.

Question 6

According to research, which of the following is a key difference between anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa?

Accepted Answer

Bulimia is associated with impulsivity and cycles of bingeing and purging, while anorexia is not.

Question 7

Which of the following findings supports the idea that media exposure can negatively impact body image?

Accepted Answer

Viewing images of idealized beauty decreases body satisfaction and increases concern about others' opinions.

Question 8

Which of the following is an example of intersexual selection in humans?

Accepted Answer

A woman choosing a partner based on his financial status and health.

Question 9

According to parental investment theory, why are women generally more selective than men when choosing a mate?

Accepted Answer

Because women have limited eggs and invest more resources in offspring, so they seek partners who can provide resources and stability.

Question 10

Which of the following statements about the sexual response cycle is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Men typically experience a refractory period after orgasm, while women may have multiple orgasms without a refractory period.

Question 11

Which of the following findings from twin studies supports a genetic influence on sexual orientation?

Accepted Answer

Identical twins are more likely to share the same sexual orientation than fraternal twins.

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the role of oxytocin in romantic relationships?

Accepted Answer

It is released during orgasm and promotes bonding and feelings of trust between partners.

Question 13

According to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, which of the following needs must be met before an individual can focus on self-actualization?

Accepted Answer

Physiological, safety, belongingness, esteem, cognitive, and aesthetic needs

Question 14

Which of the following is a criticism of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs?

Accepted Answer

It is overly simplistic and culturally biased toward individualistic societies.

Question 15

Which of the following best illustrates the over-justification effect?

Accepted Answer

A child who loves drawing loses interest after being paid for each picture.

Question 16

According to the two-factor theory of emotion, which of the following is necessary for an emotional experience?

Accepted Answer

Both physiological arousal and cognitive labeling of that arousal

Question 17

Which of the following is an example of a display rule in emotional expression?

Accepted Answer

Japanese individuals smiling to hide embarrassment, while North Americans look away and blush.

Question 18

A Canadian student of Asian ancestry interprets a central figure's emotion based only on the figure's facial expression, similar to North American students. This finding BEST supports which concept?

Accepted Answer

Cultural adaptation influences emotional interpretation.

Question 19

Which of the following is a physiological response associated with the sympathetic nervous system during an emotional reaction?

Accepted Answer

Increased heart rate and dilated pupils

Question 20

According to self-determination theory, which of the following is NOT one of the three universal needs that influence motivation?

Accepted Answer

Security

Chapter 11: Motivation and Emotion – Comprehensive Study Notes

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard