Question 1

Which research method is best illustrated by the use of sensors attached to a translucent model skull to measure explosive shock velocity, as shown in the first image?

Accepted Answer

Experimental research

Question 2

In the second image, arrows indicate a relationship between the heart and the brain. According to Aristotle's rationalist view, which organ did he believe was the seat of thought and emotion?

Accepted Answer

The heart

Question 3

The 'Door Study' (third image) by Simons & Levin (1998) is an example of which limitation of rationalism in psychology?

Accepted Answer

People's predictions about their own behavior can be contradicted by experimental evidence

Question 4

Referencing the scientific method flowchart (fourth image), which step comes immediately after 'Gather Information'?

Accepted Answer

Hypothesis

Question 5

The fifth image shows a researcher observing drivers at an intersection. What type of research method is being used?

Accepted Answer

Naturalistic observation

Question 6

The Hawthorne Effect (sixth image) refers to which phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

Participants' behavior changes due to the presence of an observer

Question 7

The seventh image shows two people observing the same object but disagreeing on what they see. What research issue does this illustrate?

Accepted Answer

Observer bias and the importance of interrater reliability

Question 8

The eighth image references a famous case study involving psychiatric diagnosis. What research method did David Rosenhan use in his study?

Accepted Answer

Participant observation

Question 9

The ninth image compares a normal brain to H.M.'s brain. What was the main finding from the case study of H.M.?

Accepted Answer

Removal of the hippocampus impairs the formation of new memories

Question 10

The cartoon in the twelfth image illustrates a potential problem with survey research. What is this problem called?

Accepted Answer

Response bias

Question 11

The thirteenth image depicts a historical research study. What ethical principle was most clearly violated in the Tuskegee Syphilis Study?

Accepted Answer

Beneficence and Nonmaleficence

Question 12

The fourteenth image shows the words 'FACEBOOK DATA USER.' Which ethical principle was most likely violated in the Facebook Emotional Contagion experiment?

Accepted Answer

Respect for People’s Rights and Dignity

Question 13

The fifteenth image is a still from the Milgram obedience experiment. Which ethical principle was most criticized in this study?

Accepted Answer

Beneficence and Nonmaleficence

Question 14

The sixteenth image shows a researcher holding a pill. What is the main psychological mechanism behind the placebo effect?

Accepted Answer

Participant expectations influence outcomes

Question 15

The bar graph in the seventeenth image compares recall after different retention intervals. What does this experiment demonstrate about the 'testing effect'?

Accepted Answer

Initial testing improves long-term retention more than additional studying

Question 16

The eighteenth image shows a chalkboard with an A+. Which measure of central tendency is most likely being represented?

Accepted Answer

Mean (average)

Question 17

The nineteenth image shows a deck of cards. If you randomly select one card, what is the probability it will be red? Express your answer as a decimal.

Accepted Answer

$$0.5$$

Question 18

The twentieth image shows the probability of drawing consecutive red cards. What is the probability of drawing 5 red cards in a row from a standard deck, assuming replacement?

Accepted Answer

$$0.03125$$

Question 19

The twenty-first image shows a normal distribution. What percentage of scores fall within one standard deviation of the mean in a normal distribution?

Accepted Answer

$$68\%$$

Question 20

The twenty-second image shows a normal distribution with a shaded region below 5'6". If the mean male height is 5'9" with a standard deviation of 2", what is the z-score for a height of 5'6"?

Accepted Answer

$$z = -1.5$$

Chapter 2: Methods in Psychology – Scientific Approaches, Descriptive Research, Ethics, Correlation, and Experimental Design

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard