Q: Which equation correctly represents the original formula for calculating IQ as introduced by Lewis Terman?

$$\text{IQ} = \frac{\text{mental age}}{\text{chronological age}} \times 100$$

Question 1

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of 'deviation IQ' as used in modern intelligence testing?

Accepted Answer

Comparing a person's test score to the average score for their age group, resulting in a standardized score.

Question 2

A psychologist is studying the impact of stereotype threat on test performance. Which scenario best demonstrates stereotype threat?

Accepted Answer

A student performs poorly on a math test after being reminded of negative stereotypes about their ethnic group.

Question 3

According to twin studies, which pair is likely to have the highest correlation in IQ scores?

Accepted Answer

Identical twins raised together

Question 4

Which equation correctly represents the original formula for calculating IQ as introduced by Lewis Terman?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{IQ} = \frac{	ext{mental age}}{	ext{chronological age}} 	imes 100$$

Question 5

A researcher finds that children from high socioeconomic status (SES) families have higher IQ scores than those from low SES families. Which factor is LEAST likely to explain this difference?

Accepted Answer

Genetic superiority of high SES children

Question 6

Which of the following is a key criticism of Gardner’s Theory of Multiple Intelligences?

Accepted Answer

It lacks reliable and valid methods for measuring each type of intelligence.

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the Flynn effect?

Accepted Answer

The steady increase in average IQ scores over generations due to environmental improvements.

Question 8

A hockey player undergoes baseline cognitive testing before the season. After a head injury, their scores on memory and response time decline significantly. What is the primary purpose of this testing?

Accepted Answer

To identify potential brain injury and inform decisions about returning to play.

Question 9

Which of the following statements about the heritability of intelligence is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Heritability estimates reflect the proportion of variation in intelligence within a population due to genetic differences.

Question 10

Which of the following is an example of fluid intelligence?

Accepted Answer

Solving a novel geometric puzzle without prior experience.

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why intelligence test scores may not accurately reflect true differences in intelligence between ethnic groups?

Accepted Answer

Cultural and linguistic biases in test content and administration.

Question 12

Which of the following findings from twin and adoption studies provides the strongest evidence for genetic influence on intelligence?

Accepted Answer

Identical twins raised apart have highly correlated IQ scores.

Question 13

Which of the following is a recommended evidence-based strategy for enhancing cognitive abilities in children?

Accepted Answer

Providing challenging and stimulating environments.

Question 14

A student believes intelligence is a fixed trait and gives up easily when faced with difficult problems. According to Carol Dweck’s research, this student holds which type of belief?

Accepted Answer

Entity theory of intelligence

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a plausible explanation for the greater variability in male IQ scores compared to female scores?

Accepted Answer

Genetic superiority of males

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the hierarchical model of intelligence?

Accepted Answer

Intelligence is organized in levels: general intelligence at the top, sub-abilities in the middle, and specific abilities at the bottom.

Question 17

Which of the following environmental factors has been shown to negatively impact cognitive functioning and IQ scores in children?

Accepted Answer

A diet high in saturated fats and processed foods

Question 18

Which of the following statements about nootropic drugs is supported by current research?

Accepted Answer

They may benefit clinical populations, such as Alzheimer's patients.

Question 19

Which of the following is a real-world example of crystallized intelligence?

Accepted Answer

A supervisor sharing extensive experience to solve a problem.

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why first-born children tend to have slightly higher IQs than their younger siblings?

Accepted Answer

First-borns receive more one-to-one parental attention and often tutor younger siblings, reinforcing their own knowledge.

Chapter 9: Intelligence – Measurement, Theories, and Influences

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard